ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2021
Ligaments of the os trigonum: an anatomical study.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Os trigonum: a discussion of its role in posterior ankle impingement syndrome and a meta-analysis of its prevalence.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Pooled it
- Male elite soccer players have a higher incidence of accessory ossicles in the foot and ankle.International orthopaedics · 2024Article
- Talus bone: normal anatomy, anatomical variations and clinical correlations.Anatomical science international · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of the study was to examine the ligaments of the os trigonum.
methodsThe ankle joint magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 104 patients with the os trigonum (experimental group) and 104 patients without the os trigonum (control group) were re-reviewed. The connections of the os trigonum and posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL), the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament (FTCL), the paratenon of the Achilles tendon, the posterior talocalcaneal ligament (PTCL), the osteofibrous tunnel of the flexor hallucis longus (OF-FHL) and the flexor retinaculum (FR) were studied.
resultsThe os trigonum is connected to structures. The posterior part of the PTFL inserted on the os trigonum in 85.6% of patients, whereas in all patients in the control group, the posterior part of the PTFL inserted on the posterior talar process (p < 0.05). The connection of the PTCL was seen in 94.2% of patients in the experimental group, while it was seen in 90.4% of patients in the control group (p > 0.05). The connection to the FTCL in the experimental group was 89.4%, while in the control group, it was 91.3% (p > 0.05). The communication with the paratenon was seen more often in the control group compared to that in the experimental group (31.7% vs. 63.8%, p < 0.001). The FTCL was prolonged medially into the FR in 85.6% of patients in the experimental group and in 87.5% of patients in the control group (p > 0.05). The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) run at the level of articulation between the os trigonum 63.5% and the posterior process of the talus 25% and less often on the os trigonum 11.5%.
conclusionThe os trigonum is connected with all posterior ankle structures and more connections than previously reported.
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