ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
Acrolein and other toxicant exposures in relation to cardiovascular disease among marijuana and tobacco smokers in a longitudinal cohort of HIV-positive and negative adults.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Pooled it
- The Metabolomic Signature of Stressful Life Events.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Nationwide outcomes of cardiac surgery in patients with cannabis use disorder.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Patterns of Cannabis Use and Perceived Accessibility Among Underage U.S. Young Adults: Implications for Policy and Prevention.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Exploring the Link: Marijuana Use Patterns and Their Impact on Coronary Heart Disease Risk.Clinical cardiology · 2025Article
- Association between prediagnostic serum metabolites and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma risk in two prospective cohorts.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Metabolomics, Genetics, and Environmental Factors: Intersecting Paths in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Influence of Half-life and Smoking/Nonsmoking Ratio on Biomarker Consistency between Waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Comparison of smoking behaviors and associated factors between HIV-infected and uninfected men in Guilin, China: a case-control study.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Co-use of cigarettes and cannabis among people with HIV: Results from a randomized controlled smoking cessation trial.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Article
- A perspective on persistent toxicants in veterans and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: identifying exposures determining higher ALS risk.Journal of neurology · 2022Review
- Diurnal variability in urinary volatile organic compound metabolites and its association with oxidative stress biomarkers.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Nonmedical Cannabis Use: Patterns and Correlates of Use, Exposure, and Harm, and Cancer Risk.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMarijuana smoke contains some of the same toxicants present in tobacco smoke. Marijuana smoking is prevalent among HIV+ individuals, but few studies have characterized smoke-related toxicants or associated health outcomes in exclusive marijuana users.
methodsThis longitudinal study included 245 participants over age 40 (76% HIV+). 33 plasma and 28 urine metabolites of nicotine, ∆-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and volatile organic compounds were assayed by liquid or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Exposures and health outcomes were assessed from surveys and medical records.
findingsAt baseline, 18% of participants were marijuana-only smokers, 20% tobacco-only smokers, and 24% dual marijuana-tobacco smokers (median (IQR) age 53 (47-60) years, 78% male, 54% white race). Marijuana smoking was independently associated with elevated plasma naphthalenes, 2-hydroxyfluorene sulfate, 4-vinylphenol sulfate, and o-cresol sulfate
interpretationSmoke-related toxicants, including acrylonitrile and acrylamide metabolites, are detectable in exclusive marijuana smokers, but exposures are lower compared with tobacco or dual smokers. Acrolein exposure is increased by tobacco smoking but not exclusive marijuana smoking in HIV+ and HIV- adults, and contributes to cardiovascular disease in tobacco smokers.
fundingU.S. NIH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.