ReviewOpen forum infectious diseases2021
Are Sink Drainage Systems a Reservoir for Hospital-Acquired Gammaproteobacteria Colonization and Infection? A Systematic Review.
Review in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ecological dynamics of three persistent opportunistic pathogens in hospital sinks and their potential antagonistic bacteria.mSystems · 2026Article
- Are hospital environments an underestimated source for Gram-negative infections in critically ill patients? A non-multi-drug-resistantInfection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Between the Sponge and the Tap-Bacterial Communities at Overlooked Hospital Hygiene Hotspots.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Genomic and epidemiological identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa transmission chains and in hospital ICUs.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Stewarding the hospital sink drain: a narrative review of practical approaches for controlling gram negative pathogens in low- and middle-income countries.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Review
- Management of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in a veterinary hospital environment utilizing surveillance with infection control and prevention measures.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Carbapenem-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Stopping an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST111 by temporarily blocking the siphon to disinfect it before the transition to the wastewater drain.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of chlorine for the control of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in the drainage network of a high-complexity healthcare facility.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Outbreak of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a Southern California hospital.American journal of infection control · 2025Article
- The hospital sink drain microbiome as a melting pot for AMR transmission to nosocomial pathogens.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- Survey of healthcare-associated sink infrastructure, and sink trap antibiotic residues and biochemistry, in twenty-nine UK hospitals.The Journal of hospital infection · 2025Article
- Hand and environmental hygiene: respective roles for MRSA, multi-resistant gram negatives, Clostridioides difficile, and Candida spp.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Review
- Investigation on the contaminate of hand washing activities on the surface of environmental objects in intensive care unit.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Identifying and Remediating Super-splasher Sinks to Reduce Dispersal of Pathogens From Sink Drains.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Nosocomial outbreak caused by disinfectant-resistantEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Real-time genomic epidemiologic investigation of a multispecies plasmid-associated hospital outbreak of NDM-5-producing Enterobacterales infections.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2024Article
- Yearlong analysis of bacterial diversity in hospital sink drains: culturomics, antibiotic resistance and implications for infection control.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- How to Defeat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Intensive Care Units. A Lesson from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Prevention, Reservoirs, and Implications for Clinical Practice.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Intensive care unit sinks are persistently colonized with multidrug resistant bacteria and mobilizable, resistance-conferring plasmids.mSystems · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing rates of antimicrobial-resistant organisms have focused attention on sink drainage systems as reservoirs for hospital-acquired Gammaproteobacteria colonization and infection. We aimed to assess the quality of evidence for transmission from this reservoir. We searched 8 databases and identified 52 studies implicating sink drainage systems in acute care hospitals as a reservoir for Gammaproteobacterial colonization/infection. We used a causality tool to summarize the quality of evidence. Included studies provided evidence of co-occurrence of contaminated sink drainage systems and colonization/infection, temporal sequencing compatible with sink drainage reservoirs, some steps in potential causal pathways, and relatedness between bacteria from sink drainage systems and patients. Some studies provided convincing evidence of reduced risk of organism acquisition following interventions. No single study provided convincing evidence across all causality domains, and the attributable fraction of infections related to sink drainage systems remains unknown. These results may help to guide conduct and reporting in future studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.