Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33553378›Full record

ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2021

Current state of navigation in spine surgery.

Nathaniel Rawicki, James E Dowdell, Harvinder S Sandhu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Comparison of major spine navigation platforms based on key performance metrics: a meta-analysis of 16,040 screws.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023
    Pooled it
  3. Risk factors of early complications after thoracic and lumbar spinal deformity surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023
    Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Surgery of the tumors of the spine.EFORT open reviews · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Accuracy in spinal level determination, including transitional vertebrae: an ASReview supported systematic review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Is virtual reality training for lumbosacral freehand pedicle screw placement an alternative to conventional training?European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Comparative analysis of complications, costs, mortality, and length of stay in lumbar fusion surgery: robotic-assisted versus navigation-guided approaches.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. S8 Navigation system combined with an ultrasonic osteotome for three-dimensional real-time dynamic visualization decompression to reduce postoperative neurological deterioration in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Nathaniel RawickiDepartment of Orthopedics, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA.
James E DowdellDepartment of Spine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
Harvinder S SandhuDepartment of Spine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of navigation has become more prevalent in spine surgery. The multitude of available platforms, as well as increased availability of navigation systems, have led to increased use worldwide. Specific subsets of spine surgeons have incorporated this new technology in their practices, including minimally invasive spine (MIS) spine surgeons, neurosurgeons, and high-volume surgeons. Improved accuracy with the use of navigation has been demonstrated and its use has proven to be a safe alternative to fluoroscopic guided procedures. Navigation use allows the limitation of radiation exposure to the surgeon during common spine procedures, which over the course of a surgeon's lifetime may offer significant health benefits. Navigation has also been beneficial in tumor resection and MIS surgery, where traditional anatomic landmarks are missing or in the case of MIS not visible. As cost effectiveness improves, the use of navigation is likely to continue to expand. Navigation will also continue to expand with further innovation such as coupling the use of navigation with robotics and improving tools to enhance the end user experience.

Indexed as

computer assisted navigationimage guidedminimally invasive spine surgery (MIS surgery)Navigationspine surgery

Identifiers

PMID33553378
PMCPMC7859779

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.