ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2020
Cytokine Storm in Domestic Pigs Induced by Infection of Virulent African Swine Fever Virus.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinct cytotoxic cell subsets underlie protective and non-protective immunity to African swine fever virus.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- MGF110-2L deletion prevents IFN-I and inflammatory response, resulting in partial attenuation and protection against virulent ASFV.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- ASFV pA137R protein triggers inflammatory response by inducing NF-κB signaling pathway and facilitating NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Article
- Current Insights into the Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of African Swine Fever Virus and Future Control Perspectives.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cyclophilin A stabilizes the capsid protein p72 to facilitate African swine fever virus replication.Nature communications · 2026Article
- African swine fever virus-encoded protein MGF 505-3R impairs innate immunity via ubiquitin-mediated degradation of MyD88.Communications biology · 2026Article
- African swine fever virus pEP364R acts as an important inflammatory-inducing factor to activate NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis by regulating DDX3X.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Dynamics of leukocyte populations, immune-regulatory cytokines, and biochemical parameters in wild boar and domestic pigs experimentally infected with a virulent African swine fever virus genotype II strain.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Interleukin in Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Updated Review.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Immunoevasion strategies for African swine fever virus: Modulation of antigen presentation pathways.Virulence · 2025Review
- Intranasal inoculation with African swine fever virus genotype II reveals dose-dependent infectivity, pathogenesis and diagnostic challenges in pigs.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Article
- Dynamic Gene Network Alterations and Identification of Key Genes in the Spleen During African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) Infection.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The B169L protein of African swine fever virus functions as a viroporin that activates the calcium-mediated inflammasome.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Temporal Dynamics of Cytokine, Leukocyte, and Whole Blood Transcriptome Profiles of Pigs Infected with African Swine Fever Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Measuring cytokines in Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) with a bovine bead-based multiplex immunoassay and real-time PCR.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2025Article
- African swine fever virus: Virology, pathogenesis, clinical impact, and global control strategies.Veterinary world · 2025Review
- Epidemiological status and genome characteristics of canine parvovirus in China from 2022 to 2024.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- African swine fever virus I177L induces host inflammatory responses by facilitating the TRAF6-TAK1 axis and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Diversities of African swine fever virus host-virus dynamics revealed by single-cell profiling.Journal of virology · 2025Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
African swine fever, caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs. The current continent-wide pandemic has persisted for over 10 years, and its economy-devastating effect was highlighted after spreading to China, which possesses half of the world pig industry. So far, development of an effective and safe vaccine has not been finished largely due to the knowledge gaps in pathogenesis and immunology, particularly the role of cytokines in the host's immune response. Therefore, we performed experiments in domestic pigs to analyze the kinetics of representative circulating interferons (IFNs), interleukins (ILs), growth factors, tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), and chemokines induced by infection of type II virulent ASFV SY18. Pigs infected with this Chinese prototypical isolate developed severe clinical manifestations mostly from 3 days post inoculation (dpi) and died from 7 to 8 dpi. Serum analysis revealed a trend of robust and sustained elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), and IFN-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) from 3 dpi, but not the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Moreover, secondary drastic increase of the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, as well as elevated IL-10, was observed at the terminal phase of infection. This pattern of cytokine secretion clearly drew an image of a typical cytokine storm characterized by delayed and dysregulated initiation of the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine and imbalanced pro- and anti-inflammatory response, which paved a way for further understanding of the molecular basis of ASFV pathogenesis.
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