Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33553099›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2020

The Combined Impact of Gender and Age on Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms, Depression, and Insomnia During COVID-19 Outbreak in China.

Chengbin Liu, Danxia Liu, Ning Huang, Mingqi Fu, Jam Farooq Ahmed, Yanjun Zhang, Xiaohua Wang, Yiqing Wang, Muhammad Shahid, Jing Guo

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Vulnerability and protective factors for PTSD in the academic community during the pandemic.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Chengbin LiuSchool of Sociology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Danxia LiuSchool of Sociology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Ning HuangSchool of Sociology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Mingqi FuCenter for Social Security Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Jam Farooq AhmedDepartment of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Yanjun ZhangSchool of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Xiaohua WangSchool of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Yiqing WangSchool of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Muhammad ShahidWorld Health Organization, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Jing GuoDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Huazhong University of Science and Technology · CNBeijing Normal University · CNChinese University of Hong Kong · CNPeking University · CNQuaid-i-Azam University · PKWuhan University · CN

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mental health problems might have been increased owing to the COVID-19 pandemic with the commencement of the year 2020, therefore, an epidemiological survey appraising the burden of mental health issues among the general population is imperative. This cross-sectional study attempts to reveal the underlying mental health conditions, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS), depression, and insomnia, relating to the pandemic situation, and to further examine the combined effects of gender and age on the COVID-19 related mental health consequences. An online survey was conducted among 2,992 adults in China from February 1st 2020 to February 10th 2020. The study uses binary logistic regression to analyze the potential factors associated with PTSD, depression, and insomnia. The results indicate that the prevalence of PTSS, depression, and insomnia are 19.5, 26.9, and 19.6% respectively during the COVID-19. Men and women show different rates of PTSS and depression, whereas no insomnia is found in both males and females. The females above 50 years of age have a lower level of depressive symptoms (OR = 0.448, 95%CI: 0.220-0.911, Cohen's d = -0.443) as compared with females aged 18-25; while the highest effect sizes for PTSS (OR = 2.846, 95%CI: 1.725-4.695, Cohen's d = 0.537) and the depression (OR = 2.024, 95%CI: 1.317-3.111, Cohen's d = 0.314) are seen in males aged 26 to 30. Besides gender, education, living conditions, direct exposure to COVID-19, the post mental and the physical health condition is related to PTSS, depression, and insomnia. Our study suggests that high-risk groups, especially those having two or more related factors and young men, should be the focus of mental health intervention.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsChinaCOVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesDepressionDisease OutbreaksFemaleHumansMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedPrevalenceSex FactorsSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticageChinadepressiongenderinsomniaPTSD

Identifiers

PMID33553099
PMCPMC7859527
OpenAlexW3122512939

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.