ArticleCentral European journal of urology2020
Racial differences in the distribution of bladder cancer metastases: a population-based analysis.
Article in Central European journal of urology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth Hormone Signaling in Bladder Cancer: Transcriptomic Profiling of Patient Samples and In Vitro Evidence of Therapy Resistance via ABC Transporters and EMT Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Identification of characteristics predictive of long-term survival with durvalumab or durvalumab plus tremelimumab in metastatic urothelial carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Pesticides and Bladder Cancer: Mechanisms Leading to Anti-Cancer Drug Chemoresistance and New Chemosensitization Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Impact of Ethnicity and Age on Distribution of Metastases in Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Analysis of SEER Data.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- A rare case of bladder cancer that metastasized to brain, heart, and lung lymph nodes benefited from immunotherapy.World journal of surgical oncology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy in the United States. The incidence of bladder cancer rises with age, and it is two times more common in Caucasians than in African-Americans (23.1 vs. 12.6 cases/100,000 persons). We aimed to investigate the racial and age-related differences in the distribution of metastasis in a large, contemporary cohort of metastatic bladder cancer patients. MATERIAL AND
methodsWithin the National Inpatient Sample database (2008-2015) we identified 5,767 patients with metastatic bladder cancer. Trend test, Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between ethnicity, age, and site of metastasis.
resultsOf 5,767 patients with metastatic bladder cancer, 598 (10.4%) were African-American. Lung was the most common metastatic site in African-Americans (28.6%) vs. bone in Caucasians (21.7%). Overall, African-Americans showed higher rates of lung (+10.2%), liver (+7.5%) and bone (+5.2%) metastases, compared to Caucasians (all p <0.01). Brain metastases were rare in both ethnicities (3.3 vs. 2.4%; p = 0.2). Rates of exclusive bone, lung or liver metastases increased with age, but were higher in African-Americans, regardless of age strata. In the multivariable logistic regression models, African-American ethnicity independently predicted higher risk of lung (Odds ratio: 1.69), liver (odds ratio: 1.50) and bone (odds ratio: 1.27) metastases, relative to Caucasians. Moreover, a dose-response effect was found after combining the three main risk factors for developing bone metastases, namely African-American ethnicity, younger age and male gender.
conclusionsRacial differences exist in the distribution of metastatic bladder cancer metastasis. Moreover, based on higher risk of bone metastases in African-American patients, bone imaging may be warranted in this patient population, especially in the presence of other risk factors for bone metastases, namely male gender or younger age.
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