ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2020
Use of Virtual Reality Working Memory Task and Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Assess Brain Hemodynamic Responses to Methylphenidate in ADHD Children.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The two-back task leads to activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms: a fNIRS study and its implication for tDCS.Experimental brain research · 2024Trial
- Massage-Related Changes in Cortical Activity and Cerebral Oxygenation in Healthy Term Infants: An Exploratory EEG-fNIRS Study with Sex-Specific Observations.Neurology international · 2026Article
- The Cost of Social Integration: Distinct Neural Inefficiency in Autistic Children Underlies Symptom Severity.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Distinct neural activation patterns in executive functions of schizophrenia patients with predominant positive and negative symptoms: an fNIRS study.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Multidimensional Effects of Manual Therapy Combined with Pain Neuroscience-Based Sensorimotor Retraining in a Patient with Chronic Neck Pain: A Case Study Using fNIRS.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring dissociable activation dynamics of prefrontal cortex subregions during working memory.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Current virtual reality-based rehabilitation interventions in neuro-developmental disorders at developmental ages.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Review
- Advances in the etiology and neuroimaging of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy in pediatric clinical research: Different pathophysiologies and promising clinical applications.Neurophotonics · 2023Article
- Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Personalized Digital Healthcare Tool for Brain Monitoring.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Review
- Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction caused by a go/no-go task in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Using fNIRS to evaluate ADHD medication effects on neuronal activity: A systematic literature review.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2023Article
- Gender difference in functional activity of 4-months-old infants during sleep: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Opportunities and Limitations of Mobile Neuroimaging Technologies in Educational Neuroscience.Mind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society · 2021Article
- Short-Term High-Intensity Interval Exercise Promotes Motor Cortex Plasticity and Executive Function in Sedentary Females.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) neuropsychological tests have emerged as a method to explore drug effects in real-life contexts in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool to measure brain activity during VR tasks in ADHD children with motor restlessness. The present study aimed to explore the acute effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on behavioral performance and brain activity during a VR-based working memory task simulating real-life classroom settings in ADHD children. In total, 23 children with ADHD performed a VR n-back task before and 2 h after MPH administration concurrent with measurements of oxygenated hemoglobin signal changes with fNIRS. Altogether, 12 healthy control (HC) subjects participated in the same task but did not receive MPH treatment. Reaction time (RT) was shortened after MPH treatment in the 1-back condition, but changes in brain activation were not observed. In the 2-back condition, activation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was decreased alongside behavioral changes such as shorter RT, lower RT variability, and higher accuracy after MPH administration. Bilateral mPFC activation in the 2-back condition inversely correlated with task accuracy in the pre-MPH condition; this inverse correlation was not observed after MPH administration. In ADHD children, deactivation of the default mode network mediated by mPFC reduced during high working memory load, which was restored through MPH treatment. Our results suggest that the combination of VR classroom tasks and fNIRS examination makes it easy to assess drug effects on brain activity in ADHD children in settings simulating real-life.
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