ArticleMissouri medicine
Magnesium and Vitamin D Deficiency as a Potential Cause of Immune Dysfunction, Cytokine Storm and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in covid-19 patients.
Article in Missouri medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Evidence for the Efficacy of a High Dose of Vitamin D on the Hyperinflammation State in Moderate-to-Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Trial
- Impact of daily high dose oral vitamin D therapy on the inflammatory markers in patients with COVID 19 disease.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Vitamin D and Mineral Ion Regulation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Vitamin D Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- The relationship between hypomagnesemia and ICU mortality in severe hemorrhagic stroke patients: an observational multicentre study on eICU database.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Observational
- Role of nutrition in diabetes mellitus and infections.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- The Importance of Edible Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Potential Use as Therapeutic Agents Against Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Role of Vitamins, Magnesium, and Trace Elements in COVID-19 Treatment and Post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation: An Updated Overview.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Article
- Assessment of Supplementation with Different Biomolecules in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Vitamin D and COVID-19: comparative analysis with other respiratory infections and impact of comorbidities.Germs · 2024Article
- Molecular Aspects in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes and Possible Preventive and Complementary Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Physiology of Vitamin D-Focusing on Disease Prevention.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Vitamin D Levels in COVID-19 and NonCOVID-19 Pediatric Patients and Its Relationship with Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Promising role of Vitamin D and plant metabolites against COVID-19: Clinical trials review.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Review
- A narrative review on the role of magnesium in immune regulation, inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2023Review
- Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Importance of Magnesium Status in COVID-19.Biology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Magnesium and vitamin D each have the possibility of affecting the immune system and consequently the cytokine storm and coagulation cascade in COVID-19 infections. Vitamin D is important for reducing the risk of upper respiratory tract infections and plays a role in pulmonary epithelial health. While the importance of vitamin D for a healthy immune system has been known for decades, the benefits of magnesium has only recently been elucidated. Indeed, magnesium is important for activating vitamin D and has a protective role against oxidative stress. Magnesium deficiency increases endothelial cell susceptibility to oxidative stress, promotes endothelial dysfunction, reduces fibrinolysis and increases coagulation. Furthermore, magnesium deficient animals and humans have depressed immune responses, which, when supplemented with magnesium, a partial or near full reversal of the immunodeficiency occurs. Moreover, intracellular free magnesium levels in natural killer cells and CD8 killer T cells regulates their cytotoxicity. Considering that magnesium and vitamin D are important for immune function and cellular resilience, a deficiency in either may contribute to cytokine storm in the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33551489PMC7861592W3128083246What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.