Observational studyParkinsonism & related disorders2021
Skin conditions in early Parkinson's disease.
Observational study in Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parkinson's disease and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 17 million participants.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- Dermatological Manifestations and Sebum Composition in Parkinson's Disease.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2025Review
- The Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Skin Manifestations in Parkinson's Disease Patients.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSkin conditions have been associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Little is known about clinical and biomarker differences according to presence of skin conditions among PD patients. Studying these differences might provide insight into PD pathogenesis.
methodsWe examined the association between common skin conditions and risk of PD in a case-control study of 423 early drug-naïve PD cases and 196 healthy controls (HC) in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Among PD participants, we examined if skin conditions were associated with clinical and PD-relevant biomarkers.
resultsSkin conditions occurred more frequently among PD participants (41%) relative to HC (32%). In multivariate analyses, we observed an association between any skin condition and PD (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.03-2.16) and basal cell carcinoma and PD (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.02-4.08). PD participants who reported skin conditions were older (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.21-2.35) more educated (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 0.99-2.91), had higher Semantic Fluency Test (SFT) scores (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.07-1.96) and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) retention scores (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.09-2.22) compared to PD patients without skin conditions. None of the associations remained significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
conclusionsWe observed a positive association between any skin condition as well as basal cell carcinoma and PD. PD participants with skin conditions were older, more educated, had higher SFT and HVLT retention scores compared to those without skin conditions. However, all associations were no longer significant after Bonferroni multiple comparisons correction. Observed associations should be confirmed in larger, longitudinal studies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.