ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2021
Epithelialized tunnels are a source of inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03960268 (A Pilot Study of Safety and Biomarkers In Hidradenitis Suppurativa Participants Receiving Brodalumab), which is not on this map. Cited by 60 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Study of Safety and Biomarkers In Hidradenitis Suppurativa Participants Receiving Brodalumab
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Tunnels: A Systematic Review.International journal of dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Australasian hidradenitis suppurativa management guidelines.The Australasian journal of dermatology · 2025Guideline
- Identification of Biomarkers and Critical Evaluation of Biomarker Validation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review.JAMA dermatology · 2022Pooled it
- Targeting an IL-17/IL-36 pathogenic hub in hidradenitis suppurativa with a bispecific antibody.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Trial
- Distinct IL-17A and retinoic acid-associated gene programs are enriched in epithelialized tunnels in severe hidradenitis suppurativa.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Surgical Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Using Staged Carbon Dioxide Laser Marsupialization.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Spatial transcriptomics maps early B-cell and T-cell activation in hidradenitis suppurativa.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Severe Anemia in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Improved by Colostomy and Surgical Treatment: A Case Report.Journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Integrated Proteogenomics and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Prioritize Putative Protective Plasma Proteins for Hidradenitis Suppurativa.Experimental dermatology · 2026Article
- High-Frequency Ultrasound in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: From Lesion Detection to Iconographic Lesion-Level Management.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Single-cell spatial profiling identifies a mucosal-like epithelial signature in Hidradenitis suppurativa tunnels.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Symposium on Hidradenitis Suppurativa Advances 2025 Proceedings.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa and IL-17 Inhibitors: A Focus on Trials and Real-Life Data.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- The Multifaceted Role of Keratinocytes in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Pathogenesis.Experimental dermatology · 2026Review
- Defining Moderate Disease and Progression in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: An Expert Framework to Unlock the Window of Opportunity for Prompt Treatment.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Targeting Neutrophil Function as Therapy for Hidradenitis Suppurativa.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Single-Cell Genetic Mapping of Gasdermin Expression Across Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Reorganization and functional divergence of the CD4+ memory T cell compartment in hidradenitis suppurativa.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Correlation Between Ultra-High Frequency Ultrasound (UHFUS) and Histological Features of Typical Lesions in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic Signatures and Molecular Pathways in Hidradenitis Suppurativa-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is a chronic, painful, and burdensome inflammatory disease manifesting in nodules and abscesses, with progression to chronically draining tunnels in later-stage disease.
objectiveWe sought to determine whether HS tunnels are immunologically active participants in disease activity.
methodsSkin biopsy specimens were obtained by using ultrasound guidance in untreated patients with HS and those enrolled in an open-label study of brodalumab (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03960268) for patients with moderate-to-severe HS.
resultsImmunohistochemistry of HS biopsy specimens demonstrated that the epithelialized HS tunnels recapitulate the psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia morphology of the overlying epidermis, displaying molecular inflammation, including S100A7 (psoriasin) positivity, as well as features of epidermal skin, including loricrin, filaggrin, lipocalin-2, and Melan-A positive cells. Tunnels were associated with increased infiltration of T cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils; formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, and increased expression of psoriasiform proinflammatory cytokines. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering demonstrated a separation of HS samples based on the presence or absence of tunnels. Tunnels isolated by microdissection had higher levels of epithelium-derived inflammatory cytokines compared with the overlying epidermis and healthy controls. Clinically, the size and draining of the tunnels were decreased with treatment with the IL-17RA antagonist brodalumab.
conclusionThese data suggest that tunnels are a source of inflammation in HS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.