ReviewCurrent oncology reports2021
Tumor and Systemic Immunomodulatory Effects of MEK Inhibition.
Review in Current oncology reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy and safety of nivolumab-based combination therapies (with ipilimumab or binimetinib) in patients with microsatellite-stable and microsatellite-instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- SARC031: A Phase II Trial of Selumetinib and Sirolimus for Patients with Unresectable or Metastatic Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST).Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Trial
- Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of zapnometinib: results from a phase I clinical study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Multicenter randomized phase II trial of atezolizumab with or without cobimetinib in biliary tract cancers.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Trial
- Multi-layer molecular profiling defines an immune-active colorectal cancer subtype with therapeutic relevance.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- MEK inhibitor cobimetinib increases calreticulin and induces immune modulation in TNBC.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mechanism of Babao Dan on fluorouracil-induced bone marrow suppression and T cell immune disorder through MAPK pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Melanoma: Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy.MedComm · 2026Review
- Whole-Genome Resequencing Analysis Reveals the Local Ancestry and Selection of Kongshan Cattle.Biology · 2025Article
- Article
- The tumour microenvironment of pilocytic astrocytoma evolves over time via enrichment for microglia.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Emerging strategies in colorectal cancer immunotherapy: enhancing efficacy and survival.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pericyte phenotype switching alleviates immunosuppression and sensitizes vascularized tumors to immunotherapy in preclinical models.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- A phase 1 trial of the MEK inhibitor selumetinib in combination with pembrolizumab for advanced or metastatic solid tumors.Investigational new drugs · 2024Article
- The State of Systematic Therapies in Clinic for Hepatobiliary Cancers.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Review
- BRAFAmerican journal of cancer research · 2023Article
- Research advances in the role of MAPK cascade in regulation of cell growth, immunity, inflammation, and cancer.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2022Article
- Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- Onco-immunomodulatory properties of pharmacological interference with RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway hyperactivation.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Integrative analysis of miRNA-mRNA network in idiopathic membranous nephropathy by bioinformatics analysis.PeerJ · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK) is an integral component of the RAS signaling pathway, one of the most frequently mutated pathways in cancer biology. MEK inhibitors were initially developed to directly target oncogenic signaling, but are recognized to have pleiotropic effects on both tumor cells and lymphocytes. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical evidence that MEK inhibition is immunomodulatory and discuss the potential rationale for combining MEK inhibitors with systemic immunotherapies. RECENT
findingsMEK inhibition may modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) through direct effects on both tumor cells and immune cells. Despite encouraging evidence that MEK inhibition can reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) and augment anti-tumor immunity regardless of KRAS/BRAF status, recent clinical outcome studies combining MEK inhibition with systemic immunotherapy have yielded mixed results. The combination of MEK inhibitors plus systemic immunotherapies has been tolerable, but has thus far failed to demonstrate clear evidence of synergistic clinical activity. These results underscore the need to understand the appropriate therapeutic context for this combination. MEK inhibitors have the potential to inhibit oncogenic signaling and reprogram the tumor immune microenvironment, representing an attractive therapy to combine with systemic immunotherapies. Ongoing preclinical and clinical studies will further clarify the immunomodulatory effects of MEK inhibitors to inform the design of rational therapeutic combinations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.