ArticleJournal of sleep research2021
Pandemic nightmares: Effects on dream activity of the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.
Article in Journal of sleep research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in Sleep Duration and Sleep Timing in the General Population from before to during the First COVID-19 Lockdown: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- An observatory on changes in dreaming during a pandemic: a living systematic review (part 1).Journal of sleep research · 2023Pooled it
- Individual and Situational Predictors of Threatening Dream Content During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Understanding Sleep Disturbance Due to Stressors: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
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- Dreams and Nightmares in Early Pregnancy: A Comparative Study with a Control Group.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- How COVID-19 Affected Sleep Talking Episodes, Sleep and Dreams?Brain sciences · 2024Article
- How can sleep disorders affect our reaction towards external stressors: a lesson from the COVID-19 outbreak.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Nightmare distress, insomnia and resilience of nursing staff in the post-pandemic era.AIMS public health · 2024Article
- Awareness and Sources of Knowledge about Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross Sectional Survey Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Dreams share phenomenological similarities with task-unrelated thoughts and relate to variation in trait rumination and COVID-19 concern.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Anxiety, sleep habits and executive function during the COVID-19 pandemic through parents' perception: a longitudinal study.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2023Article
- Sleep Patterns during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
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- Healthcare Workers after Two Years of COVID-19: The Consequences of the Pandemic on Psychological Health and Sleep among Nurses and Physicians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Longitudinal Findings on the Oneiric Activity Changes Across the Pandemic.Nature and science of sleep · 2023Article
- Intensity and Network Structure of Insomnia Symptoms and the Role of Mental Health During the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Nature and science of sleep · 2023Article
- Psychological and Cognitive Effects of Long COVID: A Narrative Review Focusing on the Assessment and Rehabilitative Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Dreaming during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 has critically impacted the world. Recent works have found substantial changes in sleep and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dreams could give us crucial information about people's well-being, so here we have directly investigated the consequences of lockdown on the oneiric activity in a large Italian sample: 5,988 adults completed a web-survey during lockdown. We investigated sociodemographic and COVID-19-related information, sleep quality (by the Medical Outcomes Study-Sleep Scale), mental health (by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales), dream and nightmare frequency, and related emotional aspects (by the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire). Comparisons between our sample and a population-based sample revealed that Italians are having more frequent nightmares and dreams during the pandemic. A multiple logistic regression model showed the predictors of high dream recall (young age, female gender, not having children, sleep duration) and high nightmare frequency (young age, female gender, modification of napping, sleep duration, intrasleep wakefulness, sleep problem index, anxiety, depression). Moreover, we found higher emotional features of dream activity in workers who have stopped working, in people who have relatives/friends infected by or who have died from COVID-19 and in subjects who have changed their sleep habits. Our findings point to the fact that the predictors of high dream recall and nightmares are consistent with the continuity between sleep mentation and daily experiences. According to the arousal-retrieval model, we found that poor sleep predicts a high nightmare frequency. We suggest monitoring dream changes during the epidemic, and also considering the implications for clinical treatment and prevention of mental and sleep disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.