ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2021
Daily mean temperature and HFMD: risk assessment and attributable fraction identification in Ningbo China.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The effect of daily mean temperature on hand, foot and mouth disease and the source of regional heterogeneity in Chongqing, China, 2010-2019.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Among Children and Adolescents in Türkiye.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Mapping the global health burden of climate-sensitive exposures: a systematic scoping review.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Short-term effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Spatial heterogeneity in the temperature-hand, foot, and mouth disease association among children: A multicounty time-series study in western China.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Ambient air pollution and meteorological factors associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease risk in Shenzhen, China: a time-series study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Quantifying the temperature-related fraction of hand, foot, and mouth disease using distributed lag non-linear models: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic period.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- West-to-East transmission clusters and meteorological associations for severe hand foot and mouth disease in Shandong Province: a geospatial and GAM analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Temperature-based spatiotemporal heterogeneity of hand, foot, and mouth disease transmission in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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- How multiple air pollutants affect hand, foot, and mouth disease incidence in children: assessing effect modification by geographical context in multicity of Sichuan, southwest China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Risk and attributable fraction estimation for the impact of exposure to compound drought and hot events on daily stroke admissions.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Non-linear association between daily mean temperature and children's hand foot and mouth disease in Chongqing, China.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Current status of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.Journal of biomedical science · 2023Review
- Assessing the impact of ambient temperature on the risk of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangdong, China: New insight from the disease severity and burden.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Comparison of ARIMA and LSTM in Forecasting the Incidence of HFMD Combined and Uncombined with Exogenous Meteorological Variables in Ningbo, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) remains a significant public health issue, especially in developing countries. Many studies have reported the association between environmental temperature and HFMD. However, the results are highly heterogeneous in different regions. In addition, there are few studies on the attributable risk of HFMD due to temperature.
objectivesThe study aimed to assess the association between temperature and HFMD incidence and to evaluate the attributable burden of HFMD due to temperature in Ningbo China.
methodsThe research used daily incidence of HFMD from 2014 to 2017 and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to investigate the effects of daily mean temperature (Tmean) on HFMD incidence from lag 0 to 30 days, after controlling potential confounders. The lag effects and cumulative relative risk (CRR) were analyzed. Attributable fraction (AF) of HFMD incidence due to temperature was calculated. Stratified analysis by gender and age were also conducted.
resultsThe significant associations between Tmean and HFMD incidence were observed in Ningbo for lag 0-30. Two peaks were observed at both low (5-11 °C) and high (16-29 °C) temperature scales. For low temperature scale, the highest CRR was 2.22 (95% CI: 1.61-3.07) at 7 °C on lag 0-30. For high temperature scale, the highest CRR was 3.54 (95% CI: 2.58-4.88) at 24 °C on lag 0-30. The AF due to low and high temperature was 5.23% (95% CI: 3.10-7.14%) and 39.55% (95% CI: 30.91-45.51%), respectively. There was no significant difference between gender- and age-specific AFs, even though the school-age and female children had slightly higher AF values.
conclusionsThe result indicates that both high and low temperatures were associated with daily incidence of HFMD, and more burdens were caused by heat in Ningbo.
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