ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Role of Surface Chemistry in the In Vitro Lung Response to Nanofibrillated Cellulose.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cellular Response to RGD Peptide Configuration on Gold Nanoparticles: A Surface Chemistry Investigation.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Estragole, Methyleugenol, Myristicin, and Elemicin Regarding Micronucleus Formation in V79 Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the cyto- and genotoxicity of two types of cellulose nanomaterials using human intestinal cells and in vitro digestion simulation.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Safety of Mechanically Fibrillated Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) by Inhalation Exposure Based on TG412.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessing the Genotoxicity of Cellulose Nanomaterials in a Co-Culture of Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Role of Chemical Reduction and Formulation of Graphene Oxide on Its Cytotoxicity towards Human Epithelial Bronchial Cells.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- KR-12 Derivatives Endow Nanocellulose with Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties: Role of Conjugation Chemistry.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Toxicological Assessment of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Oral Exposure.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Effect of Surface Modification on the Pulmonary and Systemic Toxicity of Cellulose Nanofibrils.Biomacromolecules · 2022Article
- Analysis of the In Vitro Toxicity of Nanocelluloses in Human Lung Cells as Compared to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Surface functionalization and size modulate the formation of reactive oxygen species and genotoxic effects of cellulose nanofibrils.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2022Article
- Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Advanced Functional Materials Based on Nanocellulose for Pharmaceutical/Medical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- 5-Fluorouracil Encapsulated Chitosan-Cellulose Fiber Bionanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Analysis towards Colorectal Cancer Cells.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Wood-derived nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) has emerged as a sustainable material with a wide range of applications and increasing presence in the market. Surface charges are introduced during the preparation of NFC to facilitate the defibrillation process, which may also alter the toxicological properties of NFC. In the present study, we examined the in vitro toxicity of NFCs with five surface chemistries: nonfunctionalized, carboxymethylated, phosphorylated, sulfoethylated, and hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium-substituted. The NFC samples were characterized for surface functional group density, surface charge, and fiber morphology. Fibril aggregates predominated in the nonfunctionalized NFC, while individual nanofibrils were observed in the functionalized NFCs. Differences in surface group density among the functionalized NFCs were reflected in the fiber thickness of these samples. In human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells, all NFCs showed low cytotoxicity (CellTiter-GloVR luminescent cell viability assay) which never exceeded 10% at any exposure time. None of the NFCs induced genotoxic effects, as evaluated by the alkaline comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The nonfunctionalized and carboxymethylated NFCs were able to increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation (chloromethyl derivative of 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay). However, ROS induction did not result in increased DNA or chromosome damage.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.