ArticleCells2021
The Release Kinetics of Eosinophil Peroxidase and Mitochondrial DNA Is Different in Association with Eosinophil Extracellular Trap Formation.
Article in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Dupilumab on Type 2 Biomarkers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: SINUS-52 Study Results.The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology · 2023Trial
- Basophil Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Disease.Cancers · 2026Review
- Eosinophil Extracellular Traps in Health and Disease: From Host Defense to Chronic Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Eosinophil extracellular traps: heterogeneity of their stimuli, components, and functions.Trends in cell biology · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial DNA regulation of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and intervention strategies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial reprogramming of neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma: toward a phenotype-driven therapeutic framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Evidence for a Role of the Long Non-Coding RNA ITGB2-AS1 in Eosinophil Differentiation and Functions.Cells · 2024Article
- Eosinophil specialization is regulated by exposure to the esophageal epithelial microenvironment.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Article
- Eosinophil extracellular traps in respiratory ailment: Pathogenic mechanisms and clinical translation.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2024Review
- The role of extracellular traps released by neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages in asthma.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- The role of mitochondria in eosinophil function: implications for severe asthma pathogenesis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Review
- Syntaxin-4 and SNAP23 are involved in neutrophil degranulation, but not in the release of mitochondrial DNA during NET formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Redox Activation of Mitochondrial DAMPs and the Metabolic Consequences for Development of Autoimmunity.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2022Review
- Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Metabolic Pathways for NET Formation and Other Neutrophil Functions.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Eosinophils, beyond IL-5.Cells · 2021Article
- The Enigma of Eosinophil Degranulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Eosinophils in skin diseases.Seminars in immunopathology · 2021Review
- Intestinal eosinophils, homeostasis and response to bacterial intrusion.Seminars in immunopathology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Eosinophils are a subset of granulocytes characterized by a high abundance of specific granules in their cytoplasm. To act as effector cells, eosinophils degranulate and form eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs), which contain double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) co-localized with granule proteins. The exact molecular mechanism of EET formation remains unknown. Although the term "EET release" has been used in scientific reports, it is unclear whether EETs are pre-formed in eosinophils and subsequently released. Moreover, although eosinophil degranulation has been extensively studied, a precise time-course of granule protein release has not been reported until now. In this study, we investigated the time-dependent release of eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) following activation of both human and mouse eosinophils. Unexpectedly, maximal degranulation was already observed within 1 min with no further change upon complement factor 5 (C5a) stimulation of interleukin-5 (IL-5) or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-primed eosinophils. In contrast, bulk mtDNA release in the same eosinophil populations occurred much slower and reached maximal levels between 30 and 60 min. Although no single-cell analyses have been performed, these data suggest that the molecular pathways leading to degranulation and mtDNA release are at least partially different. Moreover, based on these data, it is likely that the association between the mtDNA scaffold and granule proteins in the process of EET formation occurs in the extracellular space.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.