ArticleJournal of biomechanics2021
Player position in American football influences the magnitude of mechanical strains produced in the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology: A computational modelling study.
Article in Journal of biomechanics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of Cyclist Head Injury, Impact Characteristics and the Implications for Helmet Assessment Methods.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of modeling subject-specific cortical folds on brain injury risk prediction under blunt impact loading.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2026Article
- Heading to guidance: understanding in-training heading demands for elite men's and women's football.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Observational
- Glymphatic system dysfunction associated with player position in collegiate American football players: A DTI-ALPS study.Neuroimage. Reports · 2025Article
- Computational Modelling of Protected and Unprotected Head Impacts in Rugby.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The link between impact-induced tensile strain and dendritic spine morphology in porcine brain tissue.PloS one · 2025Article
- Beyond the Hit: The Hidden Costs of Repetitive Head Trauma.Neuroscience insights · 2025Review
- Neurodegeneration in the cortical sulcus is a feature of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and associated with repetitive head impacts.Acta neuropathologica · 2024Article
- An Instrumented Mouthguard for Real-Time Measurement of Head Kinematics under a Large Range of Sport Specific Accelerations.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Three dimensional evaluation of cerebrovascular density and branching in chronic traumatic encephalopathy.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- The biomechanical signature of loss of consciousness: computational modelling of elite athlete head injuries.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Review
- Longitudinal Associations of Clinical and Biochemical Head Injury Biomarkers With Head Impact Exposure in Adolescent Football Players.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE): criteria for neuropathological diagnosis and relationship to repetitive head impacts.Acta neuropathologica · 2023Review
- Physiological and Biomechanical Monitoring in American Football Players: A Scoping Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- In-Depth Bicycle Collision Reconstruction: From a Crash Helmet to Brain Injury Evaluation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Active elite rugby participation is associated with altered precentral cortical thickness.Brain communications · 2023Article
- The Protective Performance of Modern Motorcycle Helmets Under Oblique Impacts.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2022Article
- Use of Brain Biomechanical Models for Monitoring Impact Exposure in Contact Sports.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2022Review
- Applying the Bradford Hill Criteria for Causation to Repetitive Head Impacts and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Non-Lethal Blasts can Generate Cavitation in Cerebrospinal Fluid While Severe Helmeted Impacts Cannot: A Novel Mechanism for Blast Brain Injury.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
American football players are frequently exposed to head impacts, which can cause concussions and may lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Player position appears to influence the risk of concussion but there is limited work on its effect on the risk of CTE. Computational modelling has shown that large brain deformations during head impacts co-localise with CTE pathology in sulci. Here we test whether player position has an effect on brain deformation within the sulci, a possible biomechanical trigger for CTE. We physically reconstructed 148 head impact events from video footage of American Football games. Players were separated into 3 different position profiles based on the magnitude and frequency of impacts. A detailed finite element model of TBI was then used to predict Green-Lagrange strain and strain rate across the brain and in sulci. Using a one-way ANOVA, we found that in positions where players were exposed to large magnitude and low frequency impacts (e.g. defensive back and wide receiver), strain and strain rate across the brain and in sulci were highest. We also found that rotational head motion is a key determinant in producing large strains and strain rates in the sulci. Our results suggest that player position has a significant effect on impact kinematics, influencing the magnitude of deformations within sulci, which spatially corresponds to where CTE pathology is observed. This work can inform future studies investigating different player-position risks for concussion and CTE and guide design of prevention systems.
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