ArticleInternational journal of cancer2021
Race, ethnicity and risk of second primary contralateral breast cancer in the United States.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondary Risk-Reducing Strategies for Contralateral Breast Cancer in BRCA1/2 Variant Carriers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term risk of second primary malignancy in young women with breast cancer receiving postoperative radiotherapy.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Immigration and Social Factors, Tumor Stage, and Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer in Asian American and Hispanic Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Reproductive factors and risk of contralateral breast cancer by age and hormone receptor status: The California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Overall and central adiposity and risk of contralateral breast cancer: The California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Bilateral Primary Breast Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Review
- County-level socioeconomic status, rurality, and second primary cancer risk among breast cancer survivors in the United States.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Risk factors for second primary breast cancer by laterality, age, and race and ethnicity.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Article
- Risk of second primary cancer in young breast cancer survivors: an important yet overlooked issue.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Review
- Second primary cancer risks according to race and ethnicity among U.S. breast cancer survivors.International journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Variation in patterns of second primary malignancies across U.S. race and ethnicity groups: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) analysis.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
- Gynecologic Care of Black Breast Cancer Survivors.Current breast cancer reports · 2024Article
- Risk of contralateral breast cancer among Asian/Pacific Islander women in the United States.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Patient counseling for breast cancer screening: Taking changes to USPSTF recommendations into account.OBG management · 2023Article
- Trends and age, sex, and race disparities in time to second primary cancer from 1990 to 2019.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Trends in Radiation Dose to the Contralateral Breast During Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy.Radiation research · 2023Article
- Contralateral Breast Cancer Risk Among Carriers of Germline Pathogenic Variants inJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Article
- EBCC-13 manifesto: Balancing pros and cons for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2023Review
- Genetic Risk of Second Primary Cancer in Breast Cancer Survivors: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.Cancer research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer survivors have a high risk of a second primary contralateral breast cancer (CBC), but there are few studies of CBC risk in racial/ethnic minority populations. We examined whether the incidence and risk factors for CBC differed by race/ethnicity in the United States. Women with a first invasive Stage I-IIB breast cancer diagnosis at ages 20-74 years between 2000 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) 18 registries were followed through 2016 for a diagnosis of invasive CBC ≥1 year after the first breast cancer diagnosis. We used cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models to test the association between race/ethnicity and CBC, adjusting for age, hormone receptor status, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and stage at first diagnosis, and evaluated the impact of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, socioeconomic status, and insurance status on the association. After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, 9247 women (2.0%) were diagnosed with CBC. Relative to non-Hispanic (NH) White women, CBC risk was increased in NH Black women (hazard ratio = 1.44, 95% CI 1.35-1.54) and Hispanic women (1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20), with the largest differences among women diagnosed at younger ages. Adjustment for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, socioeconomic status and health insurance did not explain the associations. Therefore, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women have an increased risk of CBC that is not explained by clinical or socioeconomic factors collected in SEER. Large studies of diverse breast cancer survivors with detailed data on treatment delivery and adherence are needed to inform interventions to reduce this disparity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.