ReviewJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2021
A Role for Extracellular Vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics and Prevention.
Review in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role and prospects of extracellular vesicles in advanced drug and vaccine delivery.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunogold labeling of extracellular vesicles from the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum reveals the presence of the protein marker Sur7.Fungal biology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Review
- Exosomes in Precision Oncology and Beyond: From Bench to Bedside in Diagnostics and Therapeutics.Cancers · 2025Review
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Pandemic Viral Infections.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID-19 Central Neuropathology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Assessing Extracellular Vesicles in Human Biofluids Using Flow-Based Analyzers.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Advances in developing ACE2 derivatives against SARS-CoV-2.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Review
- Aspects of Nanotechnology for COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Its Delivery Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: New Players in the Mechanisms of Sepsis- and COVID-19-Related Thromboinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems for Vaccines.Vaccines · 2022Review
- How Does Lifestyle Affect Hematopoiesis and the Bone Marrow Microenvironment?Toxicologic pathology · 2022Review
- Nanoparticles for Coronavirus Control.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Effect of not vortexing nasopharyngeal and throat swabs on SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection: A pilot study.Journal of virological methods · 2022Article
- Platelet-Released Factors: Their Role in Viral Disease and Applications for Extracellular Vesicle (EV) Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Cellular immune states in SARS-CoV-2-induced disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Clinical Onset and Multiple Sclerosis Relapse after SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Neurology international · 2021Article
- The Immunopathobiology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the common designation for ectosomes, microparticles and microvesicles serving dominant roles in intercellular communication. Both viable and dying cells release EVs to the extracellular environment for transfer of cell, immune and infectious materials. Defined morphologically as lipid bi-layered structures EVs show molecular, biochemical, distribution, and entry mechanisms similar to viruses within cells and tissues. In recent years their functional capacities have been harnessed to deliver biomolecules and drugs and immunological agents to specific cells and organs of interest or disease. Interest in EVs as putative vaccines or drug delivery vehicles are substantial. The vesicles have properties of receptors nanoassembly on their surface. EVs can interact with specific immunocytes that include antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells and other mononuclear phagocytes) to elicit immune responses or affect tissue and cellular homeostasis or disease. Due to potential advantages like biocompatibility, biodegradation and efficient immune activation, EVs have gained attraction for the development of treatment or a vaccine system against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) infection. In this review efforts to use EVs to contain SARS CoV-2 and affect the current viral pandemic are discussed. An emphasis is made on mesenchymal stem cell derived EVs' as a vaccine candidate delivery system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.