Observational studyEuropean heart journal2021
Cardiac arrest in COVID-19: characteristics and outcomes of in- and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. A report from the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
Observational study in European heart journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of COVID-19 on the prevalence of bystanders performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests during the COVID-19 pandemic with those before the pandemic: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Variation in community and ambulance care processes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Mortality after in-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Resuscitation · 2021Pooled it
- Characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in COVID-19. A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiology journal · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 on in-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes: An updated meta-analysis.Cardiology journalPooled it
- How effective are chest compressions when wearing mask? A randomised simulation study among first-year health care students during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC emergency medicine · 2022Trial
- Telehealth at scale can improve chronic disease management in the community during a pandemic: An experience at the time of COVID-19.PloS one · 2021Trial
- In-Hospital Cardiac Resuscitation During Widespread Resident Resignations in South Korea.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Structural Reconfiguration of the Time-Valid Cohort and Stage-Specific Reversal of Prehospital Time-Outcome Associations During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Influence of day-night and weekday-weekend differences on rapid response team performance in in-hospital cardiac arrest.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2026Observational
- Trends in Mortalities due to Sudden Cardiac Arrest in the United States Population.Journal of arrhythmia · 2025Article
- Nationwide Trends in Hospitalizations for Sudden Cardiac Arrest Before and During the COVID Outbreak.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A retrospective cohort study on impact of Covid-19 outbreak on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Telangana, India: mortality trends, contributing factors, and research imperatives.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Trends in Sudden Cardiac Death Related Mortality in Adults in the United States: A CDC WONDER Database Analysis, 1999-2020.Clinical cardiology · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Does a History of Myocarditis/Perimyocarditis Affect the Outcome? A Swedish Nationwide Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on in-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Resuscitation plus · 2024Review
- In-hospital cardiac arrest survival before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: Have higher performing hospitals stayed high-performing?Resuscitation · 2024Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo study the characteristics and outcome among cardiac arrest cases with COVID-19 and differences between the pre-pandemic and the pandemic period in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). METHOD AND
resultsWe included all patients reported to the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation from 1 January to 20 July 2020. We defined 16 March 2020 as the start of the pandemic. We assessed overall and 30-day mortality using Cox regression and logistic regression, respectively. We studied 1946 cases of OHCA and 1080 cases of IHCA during the entire period. During the pandemic, 88 (10.0%) of OHCAs and 72 (16.1%) of IHCAs had ongoing COVID-19. With regards to OHCA during the pandemic, the odds ratio for 30-day mortality in COVID-19-positive cases, compared with COVID-19-negative cases, was 3.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31-11.64]; the corresponding hazard ratio was 1.45 (95% CI 1.13-1.85). Adjusted 30-day survival was 4.7% for patients with COVID-19, 9.8% for patients without COVID-19, and 7.6% in the pre-pandemic period. With regards to IHCA during the pandemic, the odds ratio for COVID-19-positive cases, compared with COVID-19-negative cases, was 2.27 (95% CI 1.27-4.24); the corresponding hazard ratio was 1.48 (95% CI 1.09-2.01). Adjusted 30-day survival was 23.1% in COVID-19-positive cases, 39.5% in patients without COVID-19, and 36.4% in the pre-pandemic period.
conclusionDuring the pandemic phase, COVID-19 was involved in at least 10% of all OHCAs and 16% of IHCAs, and, among COVID-19 cases, 30-day mortality was increased 3.4-fold in OHCA and 2.3-fold in IHCA.
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