ArticleSensors and actuators. B, Chemical2021
Recent progress, challenges, and opportunities for wearable biochemical sensors for sweat analysis.
Article in Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-Time Monitoring with a Wristwatch-Type Sodium- and Potassium-Ion Sensor Using a Screen-Printed Liquid-Junction Reference Electrode.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Saliva, Sweat, and Exhaled Breath as Alternative Specimens for Exercise Chemistry: Analytical Advantages, Limitations, and Comparative Progress.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2026Review
- Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensors for Non-Invasive Biofluid Analysis.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Wearable Sensing for Clinical Physiology Monitoring: Emerging Paradigms.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Skin-interfaced microfluidic capsule and portable lab-on-a-disc platform for sweat-based monitoring of prenatal nutrient balance.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Review
- From Single-Ion to Integrated Multi-Ion Platforms: Wearable Sweat Sensors for Electrolyte Monitoring.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Challenges of Wearable Biosensors and Ways to Overcome Them.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Advancements in functional smart and wearable textiles for sportswear applications.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Hydrogel-based sweat chloride sensor with high sensitivity and low hysteresis.Biosensors & bioelectronics · 2025Article
- A Review of Graphene-Integrated Biosensors for Non-Invasive Biochemical Monitoring in Health Applications.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Wearable Devices & Elderly: A Bibliometric Analysis of 2014-2024.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Implantable bioelectronics and wearable sensors for kidney health and disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Convenient Biochemical Testing Technologies for Oral Disease Risk Warning: Opportunities and Challenges.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Implantable Passive Sensors for Biomedical Applications.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Estimation of the Number of Active Sweat Glands Through Discrete Sweat Sensing.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Molecularly Imprinted Wearable Sensor with Paper Microfluidics for Real-Time Sweat Biomarker Analysis.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Revolutionary Point-of-Care Wearable Diagnostics for Early Disease Detection and Biomarker Discovery through Intelligent Technologies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Innovative Material-Based Wearable Non-Invasive Electrochemical Sweat Sensors towards Biomedical Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sweat is a promising, yet relatively unexplored biofluid containing biochemical information that offers broad insights into the underlying dynamic metabolic activity of the human body. The rich composition of electrolytes, metabolites, hormones, proteins, nucleic acids, micronutrients, and exogenous agents found in sweat dynamically vary in response to the state of health, stress, and diet. Emerging classes of skin-interfaced wearable sensors offer powerful capabilities for the real-time, continuous analysis of sweat produced by the eccrine glands in a manner suitable for use in athletics, consumer wellness, military, and healthcare industries. This perspective examines the rapid and continuous progress of wearable sweat sensors through the most advanced embodiments that address the fundamental challenges currently restricting widespread deployment. It concludes with a discussion of efforts to expand the overall utility of wearable sweat sensors and opportunities for commercialization, in which advances in biochemical sensor technologies will be critically important.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.