Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33542527›Full record

ArticleNature human behaviour2021

An implicit memory of errors limits human sensorimotor adaptation.

Scott T Albert, Jihoon Jang, Hannah R Sheahan, Lonneke Teunissen, Koenraad Vandevoorde, David J Herzfeld, Reza Shadmehr

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature human behaviour, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
10.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. The Brain's Sensitivity to Sensory Error Can Be Modulated by Altering Perceived Variability.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Scott T AlbertDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. salbert8@jhmi.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-1077
Jihoon JangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6129-9200
Hannah R SheahanDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lonneke TeunissenDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Koenraad VandevoordeLeuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-0364
David J HerzfeldDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-0658
Reza ShadmehrDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-2569
Johns Hopkins University · USRadboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversity of Oxford · GBVIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research · BE

Funding

The multiple components of motor memoryR01NS078311 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SHADMEHR, REZA · 2012 to 2021
$3.8M
STAGES OF MOTOR SKILL CONSOLIDATION IN THE HUMAN BRAINR01NS037422 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SHADMEHR, REZA · 1999 to 2010
$3.3M
Effort, reward and vigor in decision making and movement controlR01NS096083 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI AHMED, ALAA A. · 2017 to 2021
$2.3M
The feedback response to error as a teaching signal for motor learningF31NS095706 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ALBERT, SCOTT TYLER · 2015 to 2018
$132k
NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS095706NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS037422NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS078311NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS096083
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

During extended motor adaptation, learning appears to saturate despite persistence of residual errors. This adaptation limit is not fixed but varies with perturbation variance; when variance is high, residual errors become larger. These changes in total adaptation could relate to either implicit or explicit learning systems. Here, we found that when adaptation relied solely on the explicit system, residual errors disappeared and learning was unaltered by perturbation variability. In contrast, when learning depended entirely, or in part, on implicit learning, residual errors reappeared. Total implicit adaptation decreased in the high-variance environment due to changes in error sensitivity, not in forgetting. These observations suggest a model in which the implicit system becomes more sensitive to errors when they occur in a consistent direction. Thus, residual errors in motor adaptation are at least in part caused by an implicit learning system that modulates its error sensitivity in response to the consistency of past errors.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalLearning CurveAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansLearningMaleMemoryMiddle AgedMotor SkillsPsychomotor PerformanceYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID33542527
PMCPMC11910176
OpenAlexW3128881639

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.