ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021
Phosphorylation and chromatin tethering prevent cGAS activation during mitosis.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- cGAS in nucleus: The link between immune response and DNA damage repair.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- The cGAS-STING/MITA pathway in innate antiviral immunity and beyond.Cell insight · 2026Review
- The cGAS-STING Pathway: A Double-Edged Regulator of Neuroinflammation and Myelin Regeneration.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- A versatile cGAMP reporter reveals principles of cGAS activation by DNA damage and chromosome instability.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- cGAS-deficient mice display premature aging associated with derepression of LINE1 elements and inflammation.Nature aging · 2026Article
- Hiding in Plain Sight: HIV-1 Membraneless Organelles as Nuclear Hubs-Host Hijacking, Replication, Immune Evasion, and Drug-Access Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms regulating cGAS/STING activation in health and disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- From energy metabolic homeostasis to immune remodeling: the role and therapeutic potential of STING signaling in the tumor microenvironment.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Spotlight on cGAS-STING: role in disease pathogenesis and therapeutic potential.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Interstitial lung disease and the STING pathway.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Barrier-to-autointegration factor protects against the cGAS-STING response to chromatin bridges.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Expanding roles of cGAS-STING signaling in neuroinflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- The E3 ligase β-TRCP1 earmarks OTUD3 for destruction to fine-tune cGAS activation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Activated T cell extracellular vesicle DNA transfer enhances antigen presentation and anti-tumor immunity.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- Extracellular cGAMP in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Review
- The cGAS-STING pathway in cancer: friend or foe.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- Biochemical Engineering Perspective on cGAS: From Enzyme Discovery to Potential Industrial Application.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- Opportunities and challenges of targeting cGAS-STING in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS) detects microbial and self-DNA in the cytosol to activate immune and inflammatory programs. cGAS also associates with chromatin, especially after nuclear envelope breakdown when cells enter mitosis. How cGAS is regulated during cell cycle transition is not clear. Here, we found direct biochemical evidence that cGAS activity was selectively suppressed during mitosis in human cell lines and uncovered two parallel mechanisms underlying this suppression. First, cGAS was hyperphosphorylated at the N terminus by mitotic kinases, including Aurora kinase B. The N terminus of cGAS was critical for sensing nuclear chromatin but not mitochondrial DNA. Chromatin sensing was blocked by hyperphosphorylation. Second, oligomerization of chromatin-bound cGAS, which is required for its activation, was prevented. Together, these mechanisms ensure that cGAS is inactive when associated with chromatin during mitosis, which may help to prevent autoimmune reaction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.