ArticleCell host & microbe2021
Rapid transcriptional and metabolic adaptation of intestinal microbes to host immune activation.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging trends and hotspots in intestinal microbiota research in sepsis: bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- High-throughput analyses ofGut microbes · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Gut microbiota and bile acid profiles in purebred vs. crossbred sows: links to oxidative stress and inflammation in late gestation.Microbial genomics · 2025Article
- Urease in acetogenicGut microbes · 2025Article
- Integrating multi-omics data to reveal the host-microbiota interactome in inflammatory bowel disease.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- SMTdb: A Comprehensive Spatial Meta-Transcriptome Resource in Cancer.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Members of Lachnospiraceae produce valerate and caproate in response to short-chain fatty acids.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Discovery of a Widespread Polyamine-Low-Molecular-Weight Thiol Hybrid Pathway inACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- High doses of the galactooligosaccharides, 2'-fucosyllactose alleviate immunodeficiency in vitro and in vivo.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Review
- Sublethal systemic LPS in mice enables gut-luminal pathogens to bloom through oxygen species-mediated microbiota inhibition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The Use of Gut Organoids: To Study the Physiology and Disease of the Gut Microbiota.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Mechanisms conferring multi-layered protection against intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium infection.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota composition and function in wild mice (Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory mechanisms of the gut microbiota and metabolites on regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Neutralizing gut-derived lipopolysaccharide as a novel therapeutic strategy for severe leptospirosis.eLife · 2024Article
- An expanded transcriptome atlas for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron reveals a small RNA that modulates tetracycline sensitivity.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The gut microbiota produces metabolites that regulate host immunity, thereby impacting disease resistance and susceptibility. The extent to which commensal bacteria reciprocally respond to immune activation, however, remains largely unexplored. Herein, we colonized mice with four anaerobic symbionts and show that acute immune responses result in dramatic transcriptional reprogramming of these commensals with minimal changes in their relative abundance. Transcriptomic changes include induction of stress-response mediators and downregulation of carbohydrate-degrading factors such as polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). Flagellin and anti-CD3 antibody, two distinct immune stimuli, induced similar transcriptional profiles, suggesting that commensal bacteria detect common effectors or activate shared pathways when facing different host responses. Immune activation altered the intestinal metabolome within 6 hours, decreasing luminal short-chain fatty acid and increasing aromatic metabolite concentrations. Thus, intestinal bacteria, prior to detectable shifts in community composition, respond to acute host immune activation by rapidly changing gene transcription and immunomodulatory metabolite production.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.