Observational studyJournal of diabetes investigation2021
Glycemic control in children and teenagers with type 1 diabetes around lockdown for COVID-19: A continuous glucose monitoring-based observational study.
Observational study in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of COVID lockdown on glycaemic control in paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 observational studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Behavior Changes of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes During the National Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic.Cureus · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of open-source Android artificial pancreas systems for glucose management in patients with type 1 diabetes: a real-world study.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Sleep Disturbances in Type 1 Diabetes and Mitigating Cardiovascular Risk.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- Glycemic variability and time in range among children with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump during the Covid-19 pandemic in Egypt; single center experience.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- Pediatric COVID-19 and Diabetes: An Investigation into the Intersection of Two Pandemics.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Endocrine manifestations of COVID-19 in children: A scoping review.Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Article
- Update information on type 1 diabetes in children/adolescents and adults.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2023Article
- Glycemic Control in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Sustained Improvement in Glycemic Control in Emerging Adults with Type 1 Diabetes 2 Years After the Start of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- Improved CGM Glucometrics and More Visits for Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Using Telemedicine During 1 Year of COVID-19.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Diabetes and COVID-19: Short- and Long-Term Consequences.Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme · 2022Review
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on management of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the glycemic control of children with type 1 diabetes.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Maintenance of Self-Care Activities During COVID-19 Lockdown in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes That Received a Comprehensive Care Program Training.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Article
- One year into the clash of pandemics of diabetes and COVID-19: Lessons learnt and future perspectives.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Article
- An exploratory analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus patient outcomes: A single-center study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Deterioration in glycemic control on schooldays among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A continuous glucose monitoring-based study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- The Impact of Nutritional and Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Improvement in glycaemic control in paediatric and young adult type 1 diabetes patients during COVID-19 pandemic: role of telemedicine and lifestyle changes.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS/
introductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urged authorities to impose rigorous quarantines and brought considerable changes to people's lifestyles. The impact of these changes on glycemic control has remained unclear, especially the long-term effect. We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis observational study enrolled children with type 1 diabetes using continuous glucose monitoring. Continuous glucose monitoring data were extracted from the cloud-based platform before, during and after lockdown. Demographics and lifestyle change-related information were collected from the database or questionnaires. We compared these data before, during and after lockdown.
resultsA total of 43 children with type 1 diabetes were recruited (20 girls; mean age 7.45 years; median diabetes duration 1.05 years). We collected 41,784 h of continuous glucose monitoring data. Although time in range (3.9-10.0 mmol/L) was similar before, during and after lockdown, the median time below range <3.9 mmol/L decreased from 3.70% (interquartile range [IQR] 2.25-9.53%) before lockdown to 2.91% (IQR 1.43-5.95%) during lockdown, but reversed to 4.95% (IQR 2.11-9.42%) after lockdown (P = 0.004). Time below range <3.0 mmol/L was 0.59% (IQR 0.14-2.21%), 0.38% (IQR 0.05-1.35%) and 0.82% (IQR 0.22-1.69%), respectively (P = 0.008). The amelioration of hypoglycemia during lockdown was more prominent among those who had less time spent <3.9 mmol/L at baseline. During lockdown, individuals reduced their physical activity, received longer sleep duration and spent more time on diabetes management. In addition, they attended outpatient clinics less and turned to telemedicine more frequently.
conclusionGlycemic control did not deteriorate in children and teenagers with type 1 diabetes around the COVID-19 pandemic. Hypoglycemia declined during lockdown, but reversed after lockdown, and the changes related to lifestyle might not provide a long-term effect.
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