ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
CircRNA ARFGEF1 functions as a ceRNA to promote oncogenic KSHV-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor induction of cell invasion and angiogenesis by upregulating glutaredoxin 3.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Non-Coding RNAs as key regulators of interferon signaling in cancer immunotherapy: mechanistic insights and clinical prospects.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- The dynamic interplay between viruses and host non-coding RNA species.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- Molecular Characteristics, Circularization Mechanism, and Potential Functions of circRNA-0172.Genes · 2025Article
- Salmonella typhimurium downregulates circHIPK2 expression via CeRNA mechanism to inhibit cell migration and tumorigenesis.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Review
- Roles of circRNAs in viral pathogenesis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Non-coding RNAs in the viral host-pathogen interaction: molecular regulation and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Interferon induced circRNAs escape herpesvirus host shutoff and suppress lytic infection.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Advances in the understanding of circRNAs that influence viral replication in host cells.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2024Review
- Virus-Encoded Circular RNAs: Role and Significance in Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Roles of circRNAs in regulating the tumor microenvironment.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Oncogenic Viruses and the Epigenome: How Viruses Hijack Epigenetic Mechanisms to Drive Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- circPTPN22 attenuates immune microenvironment of pancreatic cancer via STAT3 acetylation.Cancer gene therapy · 2023Article
- The Impact of YRNAs on HNSCC and HPV Infection.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- A viral interferon regulatory factor degrades RNA-binding protein hnRNP Q1 to enhance aerobic glycolysis via recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligase KLHL3 and decaying GDPD1 mRNA.Cell death and differentiation · 2022Article
- New insights on circular RNAs and their potential applications as biomarkers, therapeutic agents, and preventive vaccines in viral infections: with a glance at SARS-CoV-2.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2022Review
- Human Gammaherpesvirus 8 Oncogenes Associated with Kaposi's Sarcoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Dysregulation of the miR-30c/DLL4 axis by circHIPK3 is essential for KSHV lytic replication.EMBO reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel single-stranded noncoding RNAs that can decoy other RNAs to inhibit their functions. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), caused by oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), is a highly angiogenic and invasive vascular tumor of endothelial origin commonly found in AIDS patients. We have recently shown that KSHV-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF1) induces cell invasion, angiogenesis and cellular transformation; however, the role of circRNAs is largely unknown in the context of KSHV vIRF1. Herein, transcriptome analysis identified 22 differentially expressed cellular circRNAs regulated by vIRF1 in an endothelial cell line. Among them, circARFGEF1 was the highest upregulated circRNA. Mechanistically, vIRF1 induced circARFGEF1 transcription by binding to transcription factor lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (Lef1). Importantly, upregulation of circARFGEF1 was required for vIRF1-induced cell motility, proliferation and in vivo angiogenesis. circARFGEF1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by binding to and inducing degradation of miR-125a-3p. Mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that glutaredoxin 3 (GLRX3) was a direct target of miR-125a-3p. Knockdown of GLRX3 impaired cell motility, proliferation and angiogenesis induced by vIRF1. Taken together, vIRF1 transcriptionally activates circARFGEF1, potentially by binding to Lef1, to promote cell oncogenic phenotypes via inhibiting miR-125a-3p and inducing GLRX3. These findings define a novel mechanism responsible for vIRF1-induced oncogenesis and establish the scientific basis for targeting these molecules for treating KSHV-associated cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.