ArticleGhana medical journal2020
Evaluation of surveillance system for pneumonia in children below five years, Tema Metropolis, Ghana, 2012 - 2016.
Article in Ghana medical journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pneumonia in Ghana: prevalence, mortality and antimicrobial resistance-a systematic review and meta-analysis.International health · 2026Pooled it
- Spatiotemporal modeling of Under-Five Pneumonia (U-5P) risk in Ghana using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations, 2018-2022.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance surveillance data sources in primary care setting: a scoping review.Family practice · 2025Article
- Performance evaluation on vaccination rates monitoring report system of Shenzhen, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Sustainability of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Ghana: a cost-effectiveness analysis in the context of donor transition.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe evaluated the pneumonia surveillance system in Tema Metropolis to determine whether it is meeting its objectives and to assess its attributes.
designDescriptive primary and secondary data analysis. DATA SOURCE: We interviewed health staff on the system's operation and resources. We also extracted 2012-2016 surveillance dataset for under-five pneumonia cases and deaths from the District Health Information Management System for review.
participantsHealth staff.
interventionThe Centers for Disease Control (CDC) updated guidelines for evaluating surveillance systems was used to assess system attributes.
main outcome measurestate of the pneumonia surveillance system in Tema.
resultsA suspected case was defined as fast breathing in any child < 5 years old. The case definition was easy to apply, even at the community level. From 2012 to 2016, a total of 3,337 cases and 54 deaths (case fatality rate 1.6%) was recorded from 13 (23.6%) of 55 health facilities. Two epidemics were missed by the district because data were not being analysed. There were no laboratory data on antimicrobial resistance. Although reporting timeliness increased from 28.1% in 2012 to 83% in 2016, data inconsistencies existed between reporting levels.
conclusionThe surveillance system for under-five pneumonia in Tema Metropolis is simple, stable, flexible, timely, but of low sensitivity and acceptability, and only partly meeting its objectives. Major shortcomings are lack of laboratory data, non-use of data and low representativeness.
fundingThe study was supported by a grant to author DB by the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) -CDC CoAg 6NU2GGH001876.
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