ArticleScience advances2021
INFORM: INFrared-based ORganizational Measurements of tumor and its microenvironment to predict patient survival.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fix or freeze? Spectral differences arising from tissue preparation in chemical imaging.The Analyst · 2026Article
- Fix or Freeze? Spectral Differences Arising from Tissue Preparation in Chemical Imaging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mass-Manufactured Gradient Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Enhanced Mid-IR Spectrochemical Analysis of Complex Biofluids.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Second harmonic generation for brain imaging: pathology-related studies.Biophysical reviews · 2025Article
- Sugar symphony: glycosylation in cancer metabolism and stemness.Trends in cell biology · 2025Review
- High-Precision Biochemical Sensing with Resonant Monocrystalline Plasmonic Ag Microcubes in the Mid-Infrared Spectrum.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Prediction of post-treatment recurrence in early-stage breast cancer using deep-learning with mid-infrared chemical histopathological imaging.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Machine learning-assisted mid-infrared spectrochemical fibrillar collagen imaging in clinical tissues.Journal of biomedical optics · 2024Article
- Inspiring a convergent engineering approach to measure and model the tissue microenvironment.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Machine learning assisted mid-infrared spectrochemical fibrillar collagen imaging in clinical tissues.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Rapid and Label-Free Histopathology of Oral Lesions Using Deep Learning Applied to Optical and Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging Data.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Infrared spectroscopic laser scanning confocal microscopy for whole-slide chemical imaging.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Metasurface-Enhanced Mid-Infrared Spectrochemical Imaging of Tissues.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Digital Histopathology by Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging.Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.) · 2023Review
- Functional biomaterials for biomimetic 3D in vitro tumor microenvironment modeling.In vitro models · 2023Review
- Comprehensive Histopathology Imaging in Pancreatic Biopsies: High Definition Infrared Imaging with Machine Learning Approach.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Deepfake Histologic Images for Enhancing Digital Pathology.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2023Article
- Colon Cancer Grading Using Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging-Based Deep Learning.Applied spectroscopy · 2022Article
- Application of 2D IR Bioimaging: Hyperspectral Images of Formalin-Fixed Pancreatic Tissues and Observation of Slow Protein Degradation.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2021Article
- 3D Bioprinting of Model Tissues That Mimic the Tumor Microenvironment.Micromachines · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The structure and organization of a tumor and its microenvironment are often associated with cancer outcomes due to spatially varying molecular composition and signaling. A persistent challenge is to use this physical and chemical spatial organization to understand cancer progression. Here, we present a high-definition infrared imaging-based organizational measurement framework (INFORM) that leverages intrinsic chemical contrast of tissue to label unique components of the tumor and its microenvironment. Using objective and automated computational methods, further, we determine organization characteristics important for prediction. We show that the tumor spatial organization assessed with this framework is predictive of overall survival in colon cancer that adds to capability from clinical variables such as stage and grade, approximately doubling the risk of death in high-risk individuals. Our results open an all-digital avenue for measuring and studying the association between tumor spatial organization and disease progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.