Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33535199›Full record

ArticlePhysics in medicine and biology2021

Generalizable cone beam CT esophagus segmentation using physics-based data augmentation.

Sadegh R Alam, Tianfang Li, Pengpeng Zhang, Si-Yuan Zhang, Saad Nadeem

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Physics in medicine and biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Artificial intelligence for treatment delivery: image-guided radiotherapy.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025
    Review
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  11. Early Prediction of Acute Esophagitis for Adaptive Radiation Therapy.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sadegh R AlamDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-7845-4959
Tianfang LiDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America.
Pengpeng ZhangDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America.
Si-Yuan ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Saad NadeemDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-5030-9792

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI Hongbiao Carl Lekaye · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Automated segmentation of the esophagus is critical in image-guided/adaptive radiotherapy of lung cancer to minimize radiation-induced toxicities such as acute esophagitis. We have developed a semantic physics-based data augmentation method for segmenting the esophagus in both planning CT (pCT) and cone beam CT (CBCT) using 3D convolutional neural networks. One hundred and ninety-one cases with their pCTs and CBCTs from four independent datasets were used to train a modified 3D U-Net architecture and a multi-objective loss function specifically designed for soft-tissue organs such as the esophagus. Scatter artifacts and noises were extracted from week-1 CBCTs using a power-law adaptive histogram equalization method and induced to the corresponding pCT were reconstructed using CBCT reconstruction parameters. Moreover, we leveraged physics-based artifact induction in pCTs to drive the esophagus segmentation in real weekly CBCTs. Segmentations were evaluated using the geometric Dice coefficient and Hausdorff distance as well as dosimetrically using mean esophagus dose and D

Indexed as

Cone-Beam Computed TomographyEsophagusHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedNeural Networks, ComputerRadiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted

Identifiers

PMID33535199
PMCPMC8485497

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.