ArticlePloS one2021
Pregnant women's daily patterns of well-being before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland: Longitudinal monitoring through smartwatch technology.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Women's mental health and COVID-19: increased vulnerability and inequalities.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Internet of Things in Pregnancy Care Coordination and Management: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Public health · 2022Pooled it
- Digital Phenotyping in Health Research: Scoping Review of Methods, Gaps, and Opportunities.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Patterns of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across pregnancy before and during two COVID pandemic years.Midwifery · 2025Observational
- Biometrics of complete human pregnancy recorded by wearable devices.NPJ digital medicine · 2024Article
- When pregnancy and pandemic coincide: changes in stress and anxiety over the course of pregnancy.Journal of reproductive and infant psychology · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Impact of an App-Delivered Mindfulness Meditation Program to Reduce Stress and Anxiety During Pregnancy: Pilot Longitudinal Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2023Article
- Smartwatches in healthcare medicine: assistance and monitoring; a scoping review.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Contemporary Understanding of the Central Autonomic Nervous System in Fetal-Neonatal Transition.Seminars in pediatric neurology · 2023Article
- Maternal Social Loneliness Detection Using Passive Sensing Through Continuous Monitoring in Everyday Settings: Longitudinal Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- ZotCare: a flexible, personalizable, and affordable mhealth service provider.Frontiers in digital health · 2023Article
- Aggressive strategies of the COVID-19 pandemic on the apparel industry of Sri Lanka using structural equation modeling.PloS one · 2023Article
- Rational use of drugs to alleviate adverse outcomes caused by COVID-19 quarantine in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Differentiated mental health patterns in pregnancy during COVID-19 first two waves in Sweden: a mixed methods study using digital phenotyping.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior during pregnancy: a prospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Monitoring one heart to help two: heart rate variability and resting heart rate using wearable technology in active women across the perinatal period.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Pregnancy, Mental Well-Being and Lockdown: A Nationwide Online Survey in France.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Trends in Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Pregnancy and the 3-Month Postpartum Period: Continuous Monitoring in a Free-living Context.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Article
- Prenatal stress assessment using heart rate variability and salivary cortisol: A machine learning-based approach.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTechnology enables the continuous monitoring of personal health parameter data during pregnancy regardless of the disruption of normal daily life patterns. Our research group has established a project investigating the usefulness of an Internet of Things-based system and smartwatch technology for monitoring women during pregnancy to explore variations in stress, physical activity and sleep. The aim of this study was to examine daily patterns of well-being in pregnant women before and during the national stay-at-home restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland.
methodsA longitudinal cohort study design was used to monitor pregnant women in their everyday settings. Two cohorts of pregnant women were recruited. In the first wave in January-December 2019, pregnant women with histories of preterm births (gestational weeks 22-36) or late miscarriages (gestational weeks 12-21); and in the second wave between October 2019 and March 2020, pregnant women with histories of full-term births (gestational weeks 37-42) and no pregnancy losses were recruited. The final sample size for this study was 38 pregnant women. The participants continuously used the Samsung Gear Sport smartwatch and their heart rate variability, and physical activity and sleep data were collected. Subjective stress, activity and sleep reports were collected using a smartphone application developed for this study. Data between February 12 to April 8, 2020 were included to cover four-week periods before and during the national stay-at-home restrictions. Hierarchical linear mixed models were exploited to analyze the trends in the outcome variables.
resultsThe pandemic-related restrictions were associated with changes in heart rate variability: the standard deviation of all normal inter-beat intervals (p = 0.034), low-frequency power (p = 0.040) and the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (p = 0.013) increased compared with the weeks before the restrictions. Women's subjectively evaluated stress levels also increased significantly. Physical activity decreased when the restrictions were set and as pregnancy proceeded. The total sleep time also decreased as pregnancy proceeded, but pandemic-related restrictions were not associated with sleep. Daily rhythms changed in that the participants overall started to sleep later and woke up later.
conclusionsThe findings showed that Finnish pregnant women coped well with the pandemic-related restrictions and lockdown environment in terms of stress, physical activity and sleep.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.