Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33534077›Full record

Observational studyEating and weight disorders : EWD2021

The role of embodiment in the treatment of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a 2-year follow-up study proposing an integration between enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy and a phenomenological model of eating disorders.

Eleonora Rossi, Giovanni Castellini, Emanuele Cassioli, Carolina Sensi, Milena Mancini, Giovanni Stanghellini, Valdo Ricca

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. A new role for phenomenology in empowering patients based on quantitative evidence-based research.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eleonora RossiPsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-3879
Giovanni CastelliniPsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. giovanni.castellini@unifi.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1265-491X
Emanuele CassioliPsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3623-7096
Carolina SensiPsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Milena ManciniDepartment of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.
Giovanni StanghelliniDepartment of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.
Valdo RiccaPsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
University of Florence · ITUniversity of Chieti-Pescara · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeRecent studies demonstrated that the embodiment disorder represents a core feature of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of its variation as a possible mediator of the efficacy of enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT-E) on classic ED symptomatology, including body uneasiness.

methods73 patients with anorexia nervosa and 68 with bulimia nervosa were treated with a multidisciplinary approach including CBT-E. Psychometric questionnaires were administered at baseline (T0) and after one (T1) and 2 years (T2) to evaluate general and ED-specific psychopathology, body uneasiness and the embodiment disorder. Data regarding diagnostic crossover and remission were also collected.

resultsLongitudinal analysis showed an improvement of all psychopathological dimensions at T1, which remained stable at T2 (p < 0.05). Remission rate at T2 was 44.7%, and diagnostic crossover occurred in 17.0% of patients. Higher levels of embodiment disorder predicted increased diagnostic instability (OR: 1.80 [1.01-3.20], p = 0.045). The amelioration of the embodiment disorder mediated the decrease in both ED-specific psychopathology (indirect effect: 0.67 [0.46-0.92]) and body uneasiness (indirect effect: 0.43 [0.28-0.59]).

conclusionFor the first time, these findings highlighted the role of the embodiment disorder as a maintaining factor of ED symptomatology, supporting the importance of integrating CBT-E with a phenomenological model of EDs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, longitudinal observational study (case series).

Indexed as

Bulimia NervosaCognitive Behavioral TherapyFeeding and Eating DisordersAnorexiaFollow-Up StudiesHumansAnorexia nervosaBulimia nervosaEmbodiment disorderEnhanced cognitive behavioural therapyPhenomenology

Identifiers

PMID33534077
PMCPMC7856332
OpenAlexW3128360371

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.