Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33534040›Full record

ReviewHeart failure reviews2022

SGLT2 inhibitors: a focus on cardiac benefits and potential mechanisms.

Maja Nikolic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Jovana Joksimovic Jovic, Jasmina Sretenovic, Goran Davidovic, Stefan Simovic, Danijela Djokovic, Nemanja Muric, Sergey Bolevich, Vladimir Jakovljevic

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Heart failure reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  16. The dual role of SGLT2 inhibitors: glycemic control and cardioprotection in anthracycline-treated cancer patients.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Maja NikolicDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Vladimir ZivkovicDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Jovana Joksimovic JovicDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Jasmina SretenovicDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Goran DavidovicDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Stefan SimovicDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Danijela DjokovicDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Nemanja MuricDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Sergey BolevichDepartment of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia.
Vladimir JakovljevicDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. drvladakgbg@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper highlights the cardioprotective potential of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SLGT2i), as well as several most discussed mechanisms responsible for their cardioprotection. Cardiovascular diseases are considered a primary cause of death in nearly 80% of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, with a 2-4-fold greater incidence of heart failure (HF) among diabetics. As novel hypoglycemics, SGLT2i showed exceptional cardiovascular benefits, reflected through robust reductions of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization for HF in T2DM patients. Recently, those effects have been reported even in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction irrespectively of diabetic status, suggesting that cardioprotective effects of SGLT2i are driven independently of their hypoglycemic actions. SGLT2i exerted hemodynamic and metabolic effects, partially driven by natriuresis and osmotic diuresis. However, those systemic effects are modest, and therefore cannot be completely related to the cardiac benefits of these agents in T2DM patients. Hence, increased circulating ketone levels during SGLT2i administration have brought out another hypothesis of a cardiac metabolic switch. Moreover, SGLT2i influence ion homeostasis and exert anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. Their enviable influence on oxidative stress markers, as well as anti- and pro-apoptotic factors, have also been reported. However, since the main mechanistical contributor of their cardioprotection has not been elucidated yet, a joint action of systemic and molecular mechanisms has been suggested. In the light of ongoing trials evaluating the effects of SGLT2i in patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction, a new chapter of beneficial SGLT2i mechanisms is expected, which might resolve their main underlying action.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Heart FailureSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsStroke VolumeHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCardioprotective mechanismsHeart failureSGLT2 inhibitorsType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID33534040

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.