ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2022
Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Small Bowel and Stool Microbiomes.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in intestinal failure syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024Pooled it
- Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Complicating Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical predictors of enzyme immunoassay accuracy in Clostridioides difficile infection: the impact of immune status and infection predisposing factors.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Use in Older Adult Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions: Clinical Risks and Best Practices.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Duration of Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and the Risk of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Endoscopic anti-reflux mucosal resection for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: Clinical efficacy and impact on gut microbiota.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Why think twice before prescribing proton pump inhibitors.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in chronic liver disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients with Cirrhosis: Pharmacokinetics, Benefits and Drawbacks.Current gastroenterology reports · 2024Review
- Intestinal Methanogen Overgrowth (IMO) Is Associated with Delayed Small Bowel and Colonic Transit Time (TT) on the Wireless Motility Capsule (WMC).Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Article
- Critical appraisal of the SIBO hypothesis and breath testing: A clinical practice update endorsed by the European society of neurogastroenterology and motility (ESNM) and the American neurogastroenterology and motility society (ANMS).Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2024Review
- Alterations of the duodenal mucosal microbiome in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: A meta‑analysis of cohort studies.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Consuming artificial sweeteners may alter the structure and function of duodenal microbial communities.iScience · 2023Article
- Proton pump inhibitor-induced gut dysbiosis and immunomodulation: current knowledge and potential restoration by probiotics.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Review
- Prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Correlating HJGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2023Article
- Proton pump inhibitors may enhance the risk of digestive diseases by regulating intestinal microbiota.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Mechanisms, therapeutic implications, and methodological challenges of gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases: a position paper by the ESC Working Group on Coronary Pathophysiology and Microcirculation.Cardiovascular research · 2022Review
- Type 2 Diabetes and the Microbiome.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Review
- Role of the duodenal microbiota in functional dyspepsia.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is extremely common. PPIs have been suggested to affect the gut microbiome, and increase risks of Clostridium difficile infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). However, existing data are based on stool analyses and PPIs act on the foregut.
aimsTo compare the duodenal and stool microbiomes in PPI and non-PPI users.
methodsConsecutive subjects presenting for upper endoscopy without colonoscopy were recruited. Current antibiotic users were excluded. Subjects taking PPI were age- and gender-matched 1:2 to non-PPI controls. Subjects completed medical history questionnaires, and duodenal aspirates were collected using a validated protected catheter. A subset also provided stool samples. Duodenal and stool microbiomes were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.
resultsThe duodenal microbiome exhibited no phylum-level differences between PPI (N = 59) and non-PPI subjects (N = 118), but demonstrated significantly higher relative abundances of families Campylobacteraceae (3.13-fold, FDR P value < 0.01) and Bifidobacteriaceae (2.9-fold, FDR P value < 0.01), and lower relative abundance of Clostridiaceae (88.24-fold, FDR P value < 0.0001), in PPI subjects. SIBO rates were not significantly different between groups, whether defined by culture (> 10
conclusionsThese findings suggest that PPI use is not associated with higher rates of SIBO. Relative abundance of Clostridiaceae was reduced in both the duodenal and stool microbiomes, and Streptococcaceae was increased in stool. The clinical implications of these findings are unknown.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.