Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33532928›Full record

ReviewSeminars in immunopathology2021

Aberrant antigen processing and presentation: Key pathogenic factors leading to immune activation in Ankylosing spondylitis.

Akihiro Nakamura, Shaghayegh Foroozan Boroojeni, Nigil Haroon

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Seminars in immunopathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Akihiro NakamuraSchroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-1603
Shaghayegh Foroozan BoroojeniSchroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0296-8643
Nigil HaroonSchroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Nigil.Haroon@uhn.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3210-4771
University Health Network · CA

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The strong association of HLA-B*27 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was first reported nearly 50 years ago. However, the mechanistic link between HLA-B*27 and AS has remained an enigma. While 85-90% of AS patients possess HLA-B*27, majority of HLA-B*27 healthy individuals do not develop AS. This suggests that additional genes and genetic regions interplay with HLA-B*27 to cause AS. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified key genes that are distinctively expressed in AS, including the Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and ERAP2. As these gene-encoding molecules are primarily implicated in the process of peptide processing and presentation, potential pathological interaction of these molecules with HLA-B*27 may operate to cause AS by activating downstream immune responses. The aberrant peptide processing also gives rise to the accumulation of unstable protein complex in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which drives endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) and unfolded protein response (UPR) and activates autophagy. In this review, we describe the current hypotheses of AS pathogenesis, focusing on antigen processing and presentation operated by HLA-B*27 and associated molecules that may contribute to the disease initiation and progression of AS.

Indexed as

Spondylitis, AnkylosingAminopeptidasesAntigen PresentationGenome-Wide Association StudyHLA-B27 AntigenHumansVirulence FactorsAminopeptidasesERAP2 protein, humanHLA-B27 AntigenVirulence FactorsAnkylosing spondylitisAutophagyERAPHLA-B*27SEC16AUPR

Identifiers

PMID33532928
OpenAlexW3127065724

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.