Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33532597›Full record

ArticleTrauma surgery & acute care open2021

Financial impact of electric scooters: a review of injuries over 27 months at an urban level 1 trauma center (cost of e-scooter injuries at an urban level 1 trauma center).

Ophelie Lavoie-Gagne, Matthew Siow, William E Harkin, Alec R Flores, Carey S Politzer, Brendon C Mitchell, Paul J Girard, Alexandra K Schwartz, William T Kent

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Trauma surgery & acute care open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Orthopedic Injuries Caused by Electric Scooters: A Systematic Review.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2025
    Review
  4. Continuously increasing e-scooter accidents and their possible prevention in a large European city.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Characteristics and costs of electric scooter injuries in Helsinki: a retrospective cohort study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ophelie Lavoie-GagneDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1197-747X
Matthew SiowDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
William E HarkinDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Alec R FloresDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Carey S PolitzerDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Brendon C MitchellDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Paul J GirardDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7909-4307
Alexandra K SchwartzDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
William T KentDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElectric scooters (e-scooters) have become a widespread method of transportation due to convenience and affordability. However, the financial impact of medical care for sustained injuries is currently unknown. The purpose of this study is to characterize total billing charges associated with medical care of e-scooter injuries.

methodsA retrospective review of patients with e-scooter injuries presenting to the trauma bay, emergency department or outpatient clinics at an urban level 1 trauma center was conducted from November 2017 to March 2020. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Primary outcomes of interest were total billing charges and billing to insurance (hospital and professional). Multivariable models were used to identify preventable risk factors associated with higher total billing charges.

resultsA total of 63 patients were identified consisting of 42 (66.7%) males, average age 40.19 (SD 13.29) years and 3.2% rate of helmet use. Patients sustained orthopedic (29%, n=18), facial (48%, n=30) and cranial (23%, n=15) injuries. The average total billing charges for e-scooter clinical encounters was $95 710 (SD $138 215). Average billing to insurance was $86 376 (SD $125 438) for hospital charges and $9 334 (SD $14 711) for professional charges. There were no significant differences in charges between injury categories. On multivariable regression, modifiable risk factors independently associated with higher total billing charges included any intoxication prior to injury ($231 377 increase, p=0.02), intracranial bleeds ($75 528, p=0.04) and TBI ($360 898, p=0.006). DISCUSSION: Many patients sustain high-energy injuries during e-scooter accidents with significant medical and financial consequences. Further studies may continue expanding the financial impact of e-scooter injuries on both patients and the healthcare system. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

Indexed as

accident preventionaccidentshealth care costsmultiple traumatraffic

Identifiers

PMID33532597
PMCPMC7831709

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.