ArticleNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2021
Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes of Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Encephalitis: A Multi-Center Study.
Article in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retrograde Amnesia in LGI1 and CASPR2 Limbic Encephalitis: Two Case Reports and a Systematic Literature Review.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Movement disorders in cell surface antibody mediated autoimmune encephalitis: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Anti leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody-positive limbic encephalitis with evolving basal ganglia T1WI hyperintensity: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Combination Versus Monotherapy in Acute Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: A Real-World Dose Optimization Analysis.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Early-Onset Versus Late-Onset LGI1-Antibody Encephalitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Hippocampal texture asymmetry features onFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Case Report: Sequential FcRn blockade and B-cell depletion for treatment-refractory relapsing autoimmune encephalitis: a three-patient case series.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunopathological mechanisms in autoimmune encephalitis: from pathogenesis to targeted therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Relapse risk and functional outcomes in anti-LGI1 encephalitis: A multicenter retrospective analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Acute and Long-Term Immune-Treatment Strategies in Anti-LGI1 Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Observational
- Anti-LGI1 encephalitis: clinical presentation, imaging features, and prognostic analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Predictors and Clinical Characteristics of Relapses in LGI1-Antibody Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Decoding Dystonia in Autoimmune Disorders: A Scoping Review.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- [Report of two cases of anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis in Mexico].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Article
- New Insights on DR and DQ Human Leukocyte Antigens in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Cytokines/chemokines and immune checkpoint molecules in anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Neuropsychological and Structural Neuroimaging Outcomes in LGI1-Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Study.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2023Article
- Fire acupuncture for anti-LGI1 antibody autoimmune encephalitis: a case report.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Thyroid Function and Low Free Triiodothyronine in Chinese Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo describe the clinical manifestation, immunotherapy, and long-term outcomes of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of 117 patients with a diagnosis of anti-LGI1 encephalitis identified from the databases of multiple clinical centers between September 2014 and December 2019. The clinical features, ancillary test results, and details of long-term outcomes were evaluated.
resultsAmong the 117 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis, 69.2% (81/117) were male and 30.8% (36/117) were female. The median age of all patients at the onset of the disease was 57 years (interquartile range [IQR], 52-67). The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 8.7 weeks (IQR, 4.2-25). The main clinical features identified were seizures, cognitive impairment, and mental and behavioral abnormalities. Of the 117 patients, 109 were treated with immunotherapy. Symptoms including memory, mental ability, and behavior improved in all 109 patients after 3-5 days of treatment. The median time of follow-up for the treated patients was 33 months (IQR, 17-42). Of the treated patients, 16.2% (19/117) experienced a relapse, with a median delay of 5 months (IQR, 2.1-17) between onset and the first relapse. There were no mortalities over the follow-up period.
conclusionThe long-term outcome of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis was mostly favorable, although some patients continued to experience cognitive dysfunction. Early recognition is important for prompt initiation of immunotherapy that can improve clinical symptoms of anti-LGI1 encephalitis.
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