ArticlePediatric research2021
Sexual dimorphisms in brain gene expression in the growth-restricted guinea pig can be modulated with intra-placental therapy.
Article in Pediatric research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Placenta hIGF1 nanoparticle treatment in guinea pigs mitigates fetal sex dependent FGR-associated effects on kidney structure and blood pressure-related signaling pathways.Life sciences · 2025Article
- Placental nanoparticle-mediated IGF1 gene therapy corrects fetal growth restriction in a guinea pig model.Gene therapy · 2025Article
- PlacentaAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Mid-Pregnancy Placental Transcriptome in a Model of Placental Insufficiency with and without Novel Intervention.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Maternal-fetal interfaces transcriptome changes associated with placental insufficiency and a novel gene therapy intervention.Physiological genomics · 2025Article
- High-Potency Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Birth Outcome Measures.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Placental gene therapy in nonhuman primates: a pilot study of maternal, placental, and fetal response to non-viral, polymeric nanoparticle delivery of IGF1.Molecular human reproduction · 2024Article
- Maternal Uterine Artery Adenoviral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Ad.VEGF-AReproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Placental nanoparticle gene therapy normalizes gene expression changes in the fetal liver associated with fetal growth restriction in a fetal sex-specific manner.Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2023Article
- A Low Dose of Ouabain Alters the Metabolic Profile of Adult Rats Experiencing Intrauterine Growth Restriction in a Sex-Specific Manner.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Nanoparticle-mediated transgene expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in the growth restricted guinea pig placenta increases placenta nutrient transporter expression and fetal glucose concentrations.Molecular reproduction and development · 2022Article
- Placental treatment withFrontiers in physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFetal responses to adverse pregnancy environments are sex-specific. In fetal guinea pigs (GPs), we assessed morphology and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in fetal growth-restricted (FGR) tissues at midpregnancy.
methodsFemale GPs were assigned either an ad libitum diet (C) or 30% restricted diet (R) prior to pregnancy to midpregnancy. At midpregnancy, a subset of R females underwent ultrasound-guided nanoparticle (NP) injection to enhance placental function. Five days later, fetuses were sampled. Fetal brain, heart, and liver were assessed for morphology (hematoxylin and eosin), proliferation (Ki67), and vascularization (CD31), as well as expression of inflammatory markers.
resultsR fetuses were 19% lighter with reduced organ weights and evidence of brain sparing compared to controls. No increased necrosis, proliferation, or vascularization was found between C and R nor male or female fetal organs. Sexual dimorphism in mRNA expression of Tgfβ and Ctgf was observed in R but not C fetal brains: increased expression in females. NP treatment increased fetal brain mRNA expression of Tgfβ and Ctgf in R males, abolishing the significant difference observed in untreated R fetuses.
conclusionsSex-specific differences in mRNA expression in the fetal brain with FGR could impart a potential survival bias and may be useful for the development of treatments for obstetric diseases. IMPACT: Male and female fetuses respond differently to adverse pregnancy environments. Under fetal growth restriction conditions, inflammatory marker mRNA expression in the fetal brain was higher in females compared to males. Differences in gene expression between males and females may confer a selective advantage/disadvantage under adverse conditions. Better characterization of sexual dimorphism in fetal development will aid better development of treatments for obstetric diseases.
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