Observational studyScientific reports2021
Alterations in the gut bacterial microbiome in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between diabetic retinopathy and intestinal microbiota: a systematic review and meta analysis.International ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- The gut-eye axis: microbiota and their role in diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Association between Gut Microbiota Compositions with MicrovascularComplications in Individuals with Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review on gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical trials targeting the gut-microbiome to effect ocular health: a systematic review.Eye (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Specific alterations of gut microbiota in diabetic microvascular complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- The Gut Microbiota-Astrocyte Axis: New Insights into the Mechanisms of Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Exploring Endotoxemia in Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Integrative Network Pharmacology Analysis of Gut Microbial Metabolite-Mediated Gut-Eye Axis Regulation in Major Blinding Retinal Diseases.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- An Update and Overview of the Ocular and Extraocular Microbiome and Its Impact on Ophthalmic Care.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Dietary patterns and exploratory gut microbiota profiles associated with diabetic retinopathy and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- N2-substituted triazoles as trypanothione reductase inhibitors: in silico evaluation, synthesis, and anti-leishmanial activity.Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered fecal metabolome in patients with age-related cataract.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oral Microbiome Diversity Matters on Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Cessation in Chronic Hepatitis B.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome changes in people with diabetic retinopathy in India. DRMS-India report # 1: operational protocol and trends from first 100 participants.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- Role of Gut Microbiota in Bridging Vitamin D Deficiency and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Targeting the gut microbiome for type 2 diabetes management: a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Causal Effects of Gut Microbiota and Associated Metabolites on Retinal Diseases and Visual Impairment: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Legume intake on gut microbiome and glycemia in type 2 diabetes management: narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Epigenetics, bacterial metabolites and type 2 diabetes: a new view of gut-genome interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gut bacterial microbiome dysbiosis in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been reported, but such an association with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is not known. We explored possible link between gut bacterial microbiome dysbiosis and DR. Using fecal samples of healthy controls (HC) and people with T2DM with/without DR, gut bacterial communities were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and data analysed using QIIME and R software. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiomes, at phyla and genera level, was observed in people with T2DM and DR compared to HC. People with DR exhibited greater discrimination from HC. Microbiomes of people with T2DM and DR were also significantly different. Both DM and DR microbiomes showed a decrease in anti-inflammatory, probiotic and other bacteria that could be pathogenic, compared to HC, and the observed change was more pronounced in people with DR. This is the first report demonstrating dysbiosis in the gut microbiome (alteration in the diversity and abundance at the phyla and genera level) in people with DR compared to HC. Such studies would help in developing novel and targeted therapies to improve treatment of DR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.