ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Access to Medicines via Non-Pharmacy Outlets in European Countries-A Review of Regulations and the Influence on the Self-Medication Phenomenon.
Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions to reduce non-prescription antimicrobial sales in community pharmacies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of environmentally relevant ibuprofen exposure on ovarian follicular atresia in Wistar rats: A biochemical and immunohistological study.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2026Article
- Self-medication and pain in the European Union: Gender differences and associated factors.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Seasonal variation in hospitalizations for peptic ulcer disease: A five-year retrospective study from Latvia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Expanding OTC medicine access in non-pharmacy settings for self-medication: a scoping review.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Review
- Navigating Global Regulatory Divergence in Over-the-counter Drugs: Addressing Emerging Risks and Harmonization Challenges.Current drug research reviews · 2026Review
- Over-the-counter drug consumption and related factors, evidence from the European Health Interview Survey.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2025Article
- Self-Medication in Individuals With Depression and Symptoms of Depression in the European Union: Prevalence and Associated Factors.Depression and anxiety · 2025Article
- The Ecology of Medical Care in Shanghai: Temporal Trends and International Comparisons.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Examining the evolution and impact of OTC vending machines in Global Healthcare Systems.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024Review
- Self-medication among general population in the European Union: prevalence and associated factors.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Deprescribing NSAIDs: The Potential Role of Community Pharmacists.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The education process for pharmacists in Poland: standards and proposed changes.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Oral emergency contraception practices of community pharmacies: a mystery caller study in the capital of Germany, Berlin.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Article
- Article
- A quantitative classification of OTC medicines regulations in 30 European countries: dispensing restrictions, distribution, pharmacy ownership, and pricing systems.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Article
- Consumption of Non-Prescribed Drugs in Portugal During the Pandemic in 2021.International journal of public health · 2023Observational
- Extent and Correlates of Self-Medication Practice among Community-Dwelling Adults in Eastern Ethiopia.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- Review
- Trends in counterfeit drugs and pharmaceuticals before and during COVID-19 pandemic.Forensic science international · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-pharmacy trade concerns the sale of medicinal products outside of pharmacies, such as limited-service pharmacies, supermarkets, petrol stations, shops open to the public, and kiosks. Access to medicinal products via non-pharmacy outlets varies across the European countries, with a general deregulation of this market area observable. Increasing the availability of medicines by allowing patients to obtain them outside of pharmacies contributes to the spread of self-medication. The aim of this article was to review the legal regulations enabling the non-pharmacy trade in OTC (over the counter) medicinal products in European countries, with particular emphasis on the analysis of active substances contained in medicines available in the non-pharmacy trade. This analysis has made it possible to distinguish three categories of countries: (1) where there is a non-pharmacy trade in OTC medicinal products, (2) where there is a limited non-pharmacy trade in OTC medicines, (3) where there is only a pharmacy trade in OTC medicinal products. In the context of these considerations, we highlight the impact of patient access to medicinal products via non-pharmacy sources on raising the prevalence of self-medication. This article identifies the advantages and risks of self-medication, emphasising the role of the pharmacist as an advisor to patients within the scope of the therapies used.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.