ReviewNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Recent Advances in Nanosystems and Strategies for Vaginal Delivery of Antimicrobials.
Review in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- STING agonists reduce genital chlamydial infection and attenuate inflammation and pathology.Infection and immunity · 2026Article
- Development and Optimization of Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofibers for Vaginal Drug Delivery Using Design of Experiments Approach.Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- Ketoprofen-loaded quatsomes as a smart repurposed antifungal therapy for vaginal infections: formulation, characterization, and microbiological evaluation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems for the Management of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Electrospun hydrogel-forming nanofibres embedded in a pH-responsive film for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Article
- Emerging Trends in Hydrogel for the Treatment of Vaginal Candidiasis: A Comprehensive Review.Recent advances in anti-infective drug discovery · 2025Review
- Innovative Multilayered Electrospun Fiber Systems for Dual-Action HIV Prophylaxis and Nonhormonal Contraception.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Locust Bean Gum Nano-Based Hydrogel for Vaginal Delivery of Diphenyl Diselenide in the Treatment of Trichomoniasis: Formulation Characterization and In Vitro Biological Evaluation.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- pH-Sensitive Drug Delivery System Based on Chitin Nanowhiskers-Sodium Alginate Polyelectrolyte Complex.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Ovarian Follicular Growth through Intermittent Vaginal Gonadotropin Administration in Diminished Ovarian Reserve Women.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Fascinating Molecular and Immune Escape Mechanisms in the Treatment of STIs (Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Herpes Simplex).International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Application of Sol-Gels for Treatment of Gynaecological Conditions-Physiological Perspectives and Emerging Concepts in Intravaginal Drug Delivery.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Expanded Role of Chitosan in Localized Antimicrobial Therapy.Marine drugs · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV), chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis affect millions of women each year. They are caused by an overgrowth of microorganisms, generally sexually transmitted, which in turn can be favored by alterations in the vaginal flora. Conventional treatments of these infections consist in systemic or local antimicrobial therapies. However, in the attempt to reduce adverse effects and to contrast microbial resistance and infection recurrences, many efforts have been devoted to the development of vaginal systems for the local delivery of antimicrobials. Several topical dosage forms such as aerosols, lotions, suppositories, tablets, gels, and creams have been proposed, although they are sometimes ineffective due to their poor penetration and rapid removal from the vaginal canal. For these reasons, the development of innovative drug delivery systems, able to remain in situ and release active agents for a prolonged period, is becoming more and more important. Among all, nanosystems such as liposomes, nanoparticles (NPs), and micelles with tunable surface properties, but also thermogelling nanocomposites, could be exploited to improve local drug delivery, biodistribution, retention, and uptake in vulvovaginal tissues. The aim of this review is to provide a survey of the variety of nanoplatforms developed for the vaginal delivery of antimicrobial agents. A concise summary of the most common vaginal infections and of the conventional therapies is also provided.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.