ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Ursolic Acid Inhibits Collective Cell Migration and Promotes JNK-Dependent Lysosomal Associated Cell Death in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of Autophagy by Ursolic and Betulinic Acids: Distinct Cytotoxic and Membrane-Disruption in Malignant and Nonmalignant Cells.Cell biology international · 2025Article
- Phospho-Proteomics Analysis of Early Response to X-Ray Irradiation Reveals Molecular Mechanism Potentially Related to U251 Cell Radioresistance.Proteomes · 2024Article
- Ursolic acid enhances autophagic clearance and ameliorates motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease mice model.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Ursolic Acid Impairs Cellular Lipid Homeostasis and Lysosomal Membrane Integrity in Breast Carcinoma Cells.Cells · 2022Article
- Emerging Drug Targets for Endometriosis.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Paclitaxel Induces the Apoptosis of Prostate Cancer Cells via ROS-Mediated HIF-1α Expression.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Recent Advances Regarding the Molecular Mechanisms of Triterpenic Acids: A Review (Part I).International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Inhibitory Effects ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Enhanced Anticancer Response of Curcumin- and Piperine-Loaded Lignin-g-p (NIPAM-co-DMAEMA) Gold Nanogels against U-251 MG Glioblastoma Multiforme.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids: Plant Metabolites with Neuroprotective Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Targeting Autophagy with Natural Compounds in Cancer: A Renewed Perspective from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a bioactive compound which has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in a variety of cancer cell lines. UA activates various signalling pathways in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and offers a promising starting point in drug discovery; however, understanding the relationship between cell death and migration has yet to be elucidated. UA induces a dose dependent cytotoxic response demonstrated by flow cytometry and biochemical cytotoxicity assays. Inhibitor and fluorescent probe studies demonstrate that UA induces a caspase independent, JNK dependent, mechanism of cell death. Migration studies established that UA inhibits GBM collective cell migration in a time dependent manner that is independent of the JNK signalling pathway. Cytotoxicity induced by UA results in the formation of acidic vesicle organelles (AVOs), speculating the activation of autophagy. However, inhibitor and spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated that autophagy was not responsible for the formation of the AVOs. Confocal microscopy and isosurface visualisation determined co-localisation of lysosomes with the previously identified AVOs, thus providing evidence that lysosomes are likely to be playing a role in UA induced cell death. Collectively, our data identify that UA rapidly induces a lysosomal associated mechanism of cell death in addition to UA acting as an inhibitor of GBM collective cell migration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.