ReviewImmunological reviews2021
The role of donor-unrestricted T-cells, innate lymphoid cells, and NK cells in anti-mycobacterial immunity.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human CD1c-autoreactive T-cells recogniseeLife · 2026Article
- Enrichment of CD4iScience · 2026Article
- Role of Donor Unrestricted T Cells (DURTs) in TB Host Defense: Implications for Novel TB Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Innate lymphoid cells: unsung heroes or villains in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis?Immunologic research · 2026Review
- IFN-γ- GranzymeB + Natural killer cells are induced by IV BCG vaccination and associated with protection against tuberculosis in rhesus macaques.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- BCG vaccination induces antibacterial effector functions among Vδ1/3 T cells that are associated with protection against tuberculosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Functional analysis of distinct factors linked to the development of latent to active tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Cytotoxic granules and effector molecules from immune cells in tuberculosis: Mechanisms of host defense and therapeutic potential.Virulence · 2025Review
- Enrichment of a CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- HLA-E/peptide complexes differentially interact with NKG2A/CD94 and T cell receptors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Polycytotoxic T cells mediate antimicrobial activity against intracellularInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Lymphocyte Profile Analysis in Lymph Node Puncture Fluid of Mediastinal Reactive Lymphadenopathy and Its Value in Differential Diagnosis with Tuberculous Lymphadenitis.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- The diagnostic value and validation of IL-22 combimed with sCD40L in tuberculosis pleural effusion.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Vaccination with O-linked Mannans Protects against Systemic Candidiasis through Innate Lymphocyte Populations.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
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- HLA-E/Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Changes in immune status of circulating NK cells in patients with latent tuberculosis infection.Central-European journal of immunology · 2024Article
- CD8+ lymphocytes are critical for early control of tuberculosis in macaques.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccination strategies against mycobacteria, focusing mostly on classical T- and B-cells, have shown limited success, encouraging the addition of alternative targets. Classically restricted T-cells recognize antigens presented via highly polymorphic HLA class Ia and class II molecules, while donor-unrestricted T-cells (DURTs), with few exceptions, recognize ligands via genetically conserved antigen presentation molecules. Consequently, DURTs can respond to the same ligands across diverse human populations. DURTs can be activated either through cognate TCR ligation or via bystander cytokine signaling. TCR-driven antigen-specific activation of DURTs occurs upon antigen presentation via non-polymorphic molecules such as HLA-E, CD1, MR1, and butyrophilin, leading to the activation of HLA-E-restricted T-cells, CD1-restricted T-cells, mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAITs), and TCRγδ T-cells, respectively. NK cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which lack rearranged TCRs, are activated through other receptor-triggering pathways, or can be engaged through bystander cytokines, produced, for example, by activated antigen-specific T-cells or phagocytes. NK cells can also develop trained immune memory and thus could represent cells of interest to mobilize by novel vaccines. In this review, we summarize the latest findings regarding the contributions of DURTs, NK cells, and ILCs in anti-M tuberculosis, M leprae, and non-tuberculous mycobacterial immunity and explore possible ways in which they could be harnessed through vaccines and immunotherapies to improve protection against Mtb.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.