Trial reportPloS one2021
Assessing the impact of group antenatal care on gestational length in Rwanda: A cluster-randomized trial.
Trial report in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03154177 (Group Antenatal/Postnatal Care in Rwanda), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Group Antenatal/Postnatal Care in Rwanda: a Cluster Randomized Control Trial (RCT) to Measure Its Effectiveness on Increasing Gestational Age, Mortality Among Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of group antenatal care on maternal health continuum of care and perinatal outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2026Pooled it
- Belonging: a meta-theme analysis of women's community-making in group antenatal and postnatal care.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Group antenatal care positively transforms the care experience: Results of an effectiveness trial in Malawi.PloS one · 2025Trial
- The impact of group antenatal care on newborns: Results of a cluster randomized control trial in Eastern Region, Ghana.BMC pediatrics · 2024Trial
- Effect of group antenatal care versus individualized antenatal care on birth preparedness and complication readiness: a cluster randomized controlled study among pregnant women in Eastern Region of Ghana.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Utilizing a mixed-methods approach to assess implementation fidelity of a group antenatal care trial in Rwanda.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Trial
- The impact of linguistic features on CTR in Instagram ads: A study of supplement and cosmetic products.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Implementation and Baseline Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Group Antenatal Care Program in Two Nigerian States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Oral cleaning habits and the copy number of periodontal bacteria in pregnant women and its correlation with birth outcomes: an epidemiological study in Mibilizi, Rwanda.BMC oral health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundResearch on group antenatal care in low- and middle-income contexts suggests high acceptability and preliminary implementation success.
methodsWe studied the effect of group antenatal care on gestational age at birth among women in Rwanda, hypothesizing that participation would increase mean gestational length. For this unblinded cluster randomized trial, 36 health centers were pair-matched and randomized; half continued individual antenatal care (control), half implemented group antenatal care (intervention). Women who initiated antenatal care between May 2017 and December 2018 were invited to participate, and included in analyses if they presented before 24 weeks gestation, attended at least two visits, and their birth outcome was obtained. We used a generalized estimating equations model for analysis.
findingsIn total, 4091 women in 18 control clusters and 4752 women in 18 intervention clusters were included in the analysis. On average, women attended three total antenatal care visits. Gestational length was equivalent in the intervention and control groups (39.3 weeks (SD 1.6) and 39.3 weeks (SD 1.5)). There were no significant differences between groups in secondary outcomes except that more women in control sites attended postnatal care visits (40.1% versus 29.7%, p = 0.003) and more women in intervention sites attended at least three total antenatal care visits (80.7% versus 71.7%, p = 0.003). No harms were observed.
interpretationGroup antenatal care did not result in a difference in gestational length between groups. This may be due to the low intervention dose. We suggest studies of both the effectiveness and costs of higher doses of group antenatal care among women at higher risk of preterm birth. We observed threats to group care due to facility staff shortages; we recommend studies in which antenatal care providers are exclusively allocated to group antenatal care during visits.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03154177.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.