Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33529206›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis and HIV services: A cross-sectional survey of 669 health professionals in 64 low and middle-income countries.

Mishal S Khan, Sonia Rego, Joaquín Benítez Rajal, Virginia Bond, Razia Kaneez Fatima, Afshan Khurshid Isani, Jayne Sutherland, Katharina Kranzer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Mechanisms ofBreathe (Sheffield, England) · 2026
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  9. COVID-19 policies and tuberculosis services in private health sectors of India, Indonesia, and Nigeria.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2025
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7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Mishal S KhanLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-8967-1761
Sonia RegoLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-8837-8029
Joaquín Benítez RajalIndependent Researcher, Spain.
Virginia BondLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Razia Kaneez FatimaCommon Management Unit (HIV/AIDS, TB & Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Afshan Khurshid IsaniNational Core Research Group, Stop TB Partnership, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Jayne SutherlandMRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia.
Katharina KranzerLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBMRC Unit the Gambia · GMUniversity of Zambia · ZM

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_U190071468Medical Research Council MC_UP_A900_1122Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe experiences of frontline healthcare professionals are essential in identifying strategies to mitigate the disruption to healthcare services caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of TB and HIV professionals in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Between May 12 and August 6, 2020, we collected qualitative and quantitative data using an online survey in 11 languages. We used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to analyse responses.

findings669 respondents from 64 countries completed the survey. Over 40% stated that it was either impossible or much harder for TB and HIV patients to reach healthcare facilities since COVID-19. The most common barriers reported to affect patients were: fear of getting infected with SARS-CoV-2, transport disruptions and movement restrictions. 37% and 28% of responses about TB and HIV stated that healthcare provider access to facilities was also severely impacted. Strategies to address reduced transport needs and costs-including proactive coordination between the health and transport sector and cards that facilitate lower cost or easier travel-were presented in qualitative responses. Access to non-medical support for patients, such as food supplementation or counselling, was severely disrupted according to 36% and 31% of HIV and TB respondents respectively; qualitative data suggested that the need for such services was exacerbated.

conclusionPatients and healthcare providers across numerous LMIC faced substantial challenges in accessing healthcare facilities, and non-medical support for patients was particularly impacted. Synthesising recommendations of frontline professionals should be prioritised for informing policymakers and healthcare service delivery organisations.

Indexed as

Communicable Disease ControlHealth PersonnelHealth Services AccessibilityCOVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesEconomic FactorsHIV InfectionsHumansPovertySurveys and QuestionnairesTuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID33529206
PMCPMC7853462
OpenAlexW3129180813

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.