ArticlePloS one2021
Cost-effectiveness of the long-acting regimen cabotegravir plus rilpivirine for the treatment of HIV-1 and its potential impact on adherence and viral transmission: A modelling study.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accelerating Low-Barrier Use of Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy to Maximize Impact in People with HIV and Viremia or Adherence Challenges.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Effectiveness and Persistence of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in Migrant Individuals Living With HIV in Spain: Substudy of the RELATIVITY Cohort.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Observational
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- Estimating the potential health economic value of introducing universal opt-out testing for HIV in emergency departments in Italy.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Drugs for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Switching to Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in Turkey: Perspectives from People Living with HIV in a Setting of Increasing HIV Incidence.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- The Meandrous Route of Rilpivirine in the Search for the Miraculous Drug to Treat HIV Infections.Viruses · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine for people with HIV and adherence challenges at the Ward 86 clinic: an intermediate outcome analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
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- The New Era of Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy: When and Why to Make the Switch.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy Administered Every 2 Months is Cost-Effective for the Treatment of HIV-1 in Spain.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCombination antiretroviral therapy (cART) improves outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH) but requires adherence to daily dosing. Suboptimal adherence results in reduced treatment effectiveness, increased costs, and greater risk of resistance and onwards transmission. Treatment with long-acting (LA), injection-based ART administered by healthcare professionals (directly observed therapy (DOT)) eliminates the need for adherence to daily dosing and may improve clinical outcomes. This study reports the cost-effectiveness of the cabotegravir plus rilpivirine LA regimen (CAB+RPV LA) and models the potential impact of LA DOT therapies.
methodsParameterisation was performed using pooled data from recent CAB+RPV LA Phase III trials. The analysis was conducted using a cohort-level hybrid decision-tree and state-transition model, with states defined by viral load and CD4 cell count. The efficacy of oral cART was adjusted to reflect adherence to daily regimens from published data. A Canadian health service perspective was adopted.
resultsCAB+RPV LA is predicted to be the dominant intervention when compared to oral cART, generating, per 1,000 patients treated, lifetime cost-savings of $1.5 million, QALY and life-year gains of 107 and 138 respectively with three new HIV cases averted.
conclusionsEconomic evaluations of LA DOTs need to account for the impact of adherence and HIV transmission. This study adds to the existing literature by incorporating transmission and using clinical data from the first LA DOT regimen. Providing PLWH and healthcare providers with novel modes of ART administration, enhancing individualisation of treatment, may facilitate the achievement of UNAIDS 95-95-95 objectives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.