Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33526682›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Identifying hydrophobic protein patches to inform protein interaction interfaces.

Nicholas B Rego, Erte Xi, Amish J Patel

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Context-Aware Hydrophobicity Modeling: HydroMap and FastHydroMap.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nicholas B RegoBiochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Erte XiDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Amish J PatelBiochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; amish.patel@seas.upenn.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-6482-543X
University of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interactions between proteins lie at the heart of numerous biological processes and are essential for the proper functioning of the cell. Although the importance of hydrophobic residues in driving protein interactions is universally accepted, a characterization of protein hydrophobicity, which informs its interactions, has remained elusive. The challenge lies in capturing the collective response of the protein hydration waters to the nanoscale chemical and topographical protein patterns, which determine protein hydrophobicity. To address this challenge, here, we employ specialized molecular simulations wherein water molecules are systematically displaced from the protein hydration shell; by identifying protein regions that relinquish their waters more readily than others, we are then able to uncover the most hydrophobic protein patches. Surprisingly, such patches contain a large fraction of polar/charged atoms and have chemical compositions that are similar to the more hydrophilic protein patches. Importantly, we also find a striking correspondence between the most hydrophobic protein patches and regions that mediate protein interactions. Our work thus establishes a computational framework for characterizing the emergent hydrophobicity of amphiphilic solutes, such as proteins, which display nanoscale heterogeneity, and for uncovering their interaction interfaces.

Indexed as

Models, MolecularBiophysical PhenomenaHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsProtein ConformationProtein Interaction MapsProteinsSurface PropertiesWaterProteinsWaterdewettinghydrationhydrophobicityPPIproteins

Identifiers

PMID33526682
PMCPMC8018078
OpenAlexW3126804609

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.