ArticleJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2021
Isolating the energetic and mechanical consequences of imposed reductions in ankle and knee flexion during gait.
Article in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Linking gait mechanics with perceived quality of life and participation after stroke.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Compensatory Effects of Joint Bracing From a Kinetic Chain Perspective: Lower Limb Movement Coordination Analysis During Badminton Lunge Movements.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Mechanics-based estimation of metabolic cost of locomotion in rehabilitation: A narrative review.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Review
- Alterations in energy expenditure and muscle performance following short-term muscle immobilization and rehabilitative exercise in mice.Physical activity and nutrition · 2025Article
- Establishing thresholds for swing transparency at the knee during gait to inform exoskeleton design.PloS one · 2025Article
- The influence of induced gait asymmetry on joint reaction forces.Journal of biomechanics · 2023Article
- Reduced joint motion supersedes asymmetry in explaining increased metabolic demand during walking with mechanical restriction.Journal of biomechanics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWeakness of ankle and knee musculature following injury or disorder results in reduced joint motion associated with metabolically expensive gait compensations to enable limb support and advancement. However, neuromechanical coupling between the ankle and knee make it difficult to discern independent roles of these restrictions in joint motion on compensatory mechanics and metabolic penalties.
methodsWe sought to determine relative impacts of ankle and knee impairment on compensatory gait strategies and energetic outcomes using an unimpaired cohort (N = 15) with imposed unilateral joint range of motion restrictions as a surrogate for reduced motion resulting from gait pathology. Participants walked on a dual-belt instrumented treadmill at 0.8 m s
resultsWhen ankle motion was restricted (restricted-ank, restricted-a + k) we observed decreased peak propulsion relative to the braced condition on the restricted limb. Reduced knee motion (restricted-knee, restricted-a + k) increased restricted limb circumduction relative to the restricted-ank condition through ipsilateral hip hiking. Interestingly, restricted limb average positive hip power increased in the restricted-ank condition but decreased in the restricted-a + k and restricted-knee conditions, suggesting that locking the knee impeded hip compensation. As expected, reduced ankle motion, either without (restricted-ank) or in addition to knee restriction (restricted-a + k) yielded significant increase in net metabolic rate when compared with the braced condition. Furthermore, the relative increase in metabolic cost was significantly larger with restricted-a + k when compared to restricted-knee condition.
conclusionsOur methods allowed for the reproduction of asymmetric gait characteristics including reduced propulsive symmetry and increased circumduction. The metabolic consequences bolster the potential energetic benefit of targeting ankle function during rehabilitation.
trial registrationN/A.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.