ArticleBMC public health2021
Trends of inequalities in care seeking behavior for under-five children with suspected pneumonia in Ethiopia: evidence from Ethiopia demographic and health surveys (2005-2016).
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Level of Mothers'/Caregivers' Healthcare-Seeking Behavior for Child's Diarrhea, Fever, and Respiratory Tract Infections and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2022Pooled it
- Determinants of inequalities in health care seeking behavior for childhood illness in Bangladesh: a trend analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
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- Trends of socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in severe wasting among under-five children in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2019: using the WHO Health Equity Assessment Toolkit.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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- Magnitude and trends in inequalities in healthcare-seeking behavior for pneumonia and mortality rate among under-five children in Bangladesh: Evidence from nationwide cross-sectional survey 2007 to 2017.Health science reports · 2023Article
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- Determinants of pneumonia among under-five children in Oromia region, Ethiopia: unmatched case-control study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023Article
- A cross-sectional study on factors associated with health care seeking for acute respiratory infection and fever in children under-five in Zambia.The Pan African medical journal · 2023Article
- Associations of air pollutants with pneumonia hospital admissions in Qingdao, China: a prospective cohort study.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security in Ethiopia.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Trends of Inequalities in Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys, 2000-2016.BioMed research international · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumonia is a leading public health problem in under-five children worldwide and particularly in Africa. Unfortunately, progress in reducing pneumonia related mortality has been slow. The number of children with symptoms of pneumonia taken to health facilities for treatment is low in Ethiopia, and disparities among sub-groups regarding health seeking behavior for pneumonia have not been well explored in the region. This study assessed the trends of inequalities in care seeking behavior for children under five years of age with suspected pneumonia in Ethiopia.
methodsUsing cross-sectional data from the 2005, 2011 and 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and the World Health Organization's (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT), this study investigated the inequalities in health seeking behavior for children with suspected pneumonia. Four measures of inequality were calculated: Difference, Ratio, Slope Index of Inequality and Relative Index of Inequality. Results were disaggregated by wealth, education, residence, and sex with computed 95% Uncertainty Intervals for each point estimate to determine significance.
resultsThe percentage of under-five children with symptoms of pneumonia who were taken to a health facility was significantly lower for children in the poorest families, 15.48% (95% UI; 9.77, 23.64) as compared to children in the richest families, 61.72% (95% UI; 45.06, 76.02) in 2011. Substantial absolute (SII = 35.61; 95% UI: 25.31, 45.92) and relative (RII = 4.04%; 95% UI: 2.25, 5.84) economic inequalities were also observed. Both educational and geographic inequalities were observed; (RII = 2.07; 95% UI: 1.08, 3.06) and (D = 28.26; 95% UI: 7.14, 49.37), respectively. Economic inequality decreased from 2011 to 2016. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female under-five children with pneumonia symptoms taken to health facility, in all the studied years.
conclusionsHealth care seeking behavior for children with pneumonia was lower among the poorest and non-educated families as well as children in rural regions. Policies and strategies need to target subpopulations lagging behind in seeking care for pneumonia treatment as it impedes achievement of key UN sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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