ReviewCancers2021
Tumor Hypoxia as a Barrier in Cancer Therapy: Why Levels Matter.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumour hypoxia in clinical oncology: imaging, therapeutic strategies, and translational challenges.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2027Review
- Polymersome-based nanomedicine for combined cancer therapy.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Photoacoustic imaging to optimize tumor delivery of human hemoglobin-derived oxygen carriers and subsequent photodynamic therapy.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Review
- Bacterial Biohybrids With Dual Magnet and Hypoxia Tropism for Ferroptosis Activation in Deep Tumor Regions.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Article
- Next Generation DNA Damage Response Inhibitors: Harnessing Nanocarriers and Tumor Microenvironment for Precision Cancer Therapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Hypoxic tumor microenvironment and immune cell dynamics: From metabolic reprogramming to therapeutic innovation.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Machine learning and metabolic modeling-based identification of hypoxia-driven metabolic signatures in pediatric cancers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment conversion through intelligent nanomedicine: a paradigm shift in overcoming chemoresistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Biomolecule-Photosensitizer Conjugates: A Strategy to Enhance Selectivity and Therapeutic Efficacy in Photodynamic Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Thymoquinone Overcomes Hypoxia-Induced Carboplatin Resistance Through ROS-Independent Apoptosis but Promotes Cancer Stem Cell Enrichment: Implications on Oral Cancer Adaptation and Recurrence.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Interactions Between Active Matters and Endogenous Fields.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals different cellular states in malignant cells and the tumor microenvironment in primary and metastatic ER-positive breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- A micro-metabolic rewiring assay for assessing hypoxia-associated cancer metabolic heterogeneity.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Unveiling GBE1 as a hypoxia-related prognostic gene with significant impact on immune cell infiltration in HER2-enriched breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- HIF-1α-Mediated Disruption of Cellular Junctions: The Impact of Hypoxia on the Tumor Microenvironment and Invasion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Predicting the hypoxic volume of head and neck tumors from fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images using artificial intelligence.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2025Article
- 3D Histology visualizing hypoxia-induced upregulation of N-terminal cysteine using de novo fluorophore generation.Redox biology · 2025Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hypoxia arises in tumor regions with insufficient oxygen supply and is a major barrier in cancer treatment. The distribution of hypoxia levels is highly heterogeneous, ranging from mild, almost non-hypoxic, to severe and anoxic levels. The individual hypoxia levels induce a variety of biological responses that impair the treatment effect. A stronger focus on hypoxia levels rather than the absence or presence of hypoxia in our investigations will help development of improved strategies to treat patients with hypoxic tumors. Current knowledge on how hypoxia levels are sensed by cancer cells and mediate cellular responses that promote treatment resistance is comprehensive. Recently, it has become evident that hypoxia also has an important, more unexplored role in the interaction between cancer cells, stroma and immune cells, influencing the composition and structure of the tumor microenvironment. Establishment of how such processes depend on the hypoxia level requires more advanced tumor models and methodology. In this review, we describe promising model systems and tools for investigations of hypoxia levels in tumors. We further present current knowledge and emerging research on cellular responses to individual levels, and discuss their impact in novel therapeutic approaches to overcome the hypoxia barrier.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.