ReviewToxics2021
Cognitive Impairment Induced by Lead Exposure during Lifespan: Mechanisms of Lead Neurotoxicity.
Review in Toxics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 279 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review on Neurotoxic Implications of Lead-Induced Gene Expression Alterations in the Etiology of Alzheimer's Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Pooled it
- Trace Elements Dyshomeostasis and Toxic Metals Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Embryonic lead (Pb) contact impairs lipid, oxidative, and behavioral markers in zebrafish across multiple generations.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Lead Management in Perovskite Photovoltaics: Status and Perspectives.ChemSusChem · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside Rh1 Modulates GABAergic Inhibitory Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Quality Control During Lead (Pb)-Associated Neuronal Dysfunction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations of prenatal metal exposures with autism-related outcomes in the ECHO cohort.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Assessment of Aflatoxins and Heavy Metals inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ginsenoside Rg1 Alleviates Lead-Induced Neurotoxicity Through Nrf2-Associated Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Developmental lead exposure fractures the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in dams: mechanistic insights into primary ovarian failure and central bioenergetic bottlenecks.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid Homeostasis in the Central Nervous System: From Physiology Regulation to Metal-Induced Neurotoxicity.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Heavy Metal Air Pollution: Human Health Effects and Nanomaterial Strategies for Monitoring and Remediation.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Genistein Protects Against Lead-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through a Glutathione-Dependent Redox-Mitochondrial Apoptosis Axis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Understanding the contribution of toxicant exposures to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Protective role of methylcobalamin (Vit B12) and pyridoxine (Vit B6) combination against teratogenic effects induced by lead in chick embryo.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Unravelling lead-induced toxicity in mammals: the role of oxidative stress and apoptosis and their modulation by emerging therapeutic strategies.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Toxic Elements in Commercial Dried Mushrooms from the Polish Market: Exposure Assessment and Health Risk Characterization.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A critical review of potential modifiers of air pollutant associations with dementia and related outcomes.Neurotoxicology · 2026Review
- miRNA-Mediated Regulation of Ferroptosis in Neurological Disorders: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Developmental Toxicity and Thyroid-Disrupting Effects of Combined Exposure to Pb(II) andToxics · 2026Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is considered a strong environmental toxin with human health repercussions. Due to its widespread use and the number of people potentially exposed to different sources of this heavy metal, Pb intoxication is recognized as a public health problem in many countries. Exposure to Pb can occur through ingestion, inhalation, dermal, and transplacental routes. The magnitude of its effects depends on several toxicity conditions: lead speciation, doses, time, and age of exposure, among others. It has been demonstrated that Pb exposure induces stronger effects during early life. The central nervous system is especially vulnerable to Pb toxicity; Pb exposure is linked to cognitive impairment, executive function alterations, abnormal social behavior, and fine motor control perturbations. This review aims to provide a general view of the cognitive consequences associated with Pb exposure during early life as well as during adulthood. Additionally, it describes the neurotoxic mechanisms associated with cognitive impairment induced by Pb, which include neurochemical, molecular, and morphological changes that jointly could have a synergic effect on the cognitive performance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.